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Global EV Outlook 2025 Electric vehicle charging
…European Union, 11 out of 27 countries saw their public stock of charging points increase by more than 50% in 2024 compared to the previous year. At the end of 2024, the Netherlands had the largest national charging network in Europe, with over 180 000 public charging points, followed by Germany (160 000) and France (155 000). In Austria, 8 000 public charging points were added in 2024, most of which were supported by a subsidy that ended at the beginning of 2025. Installation of public charging points across the European Union is expected to increase as a result of the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR)…
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Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2025 Executive summary
…In April 2025, France published a revised National Hydrogen Strategy. While recognising progress made in the hydrogen sector, the Strategy lowered the installed electrolyser capacity target for 2030 to 4.5 GW (from 6.5 GW previously) and added a 2035 target of 8 GW. In July 2024, Germany adopted its hydrogen import strategy, following the update of the country’s National Hydrogen Strategy in 2023. In December 2024, Switzerland released its long-awaited National Hydrogen Strategy, highlighting the importance of developing its hydrogen market so that it is closely integrated with neighbouring markets.Altogether, Northwest European countries have ambition to develop as…
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Heat pumps in Moldova
…Australia, Norway and Sweden, where they typically supply heating (and cooling) through ductwork or by installing multiple units in various rooms of a building.Air-to-water heat pumps – also known as hydronic heat pumps – use a water-based distribution system to provide warm water to radiators. These are most common in countries that historically have gas-based hydronic heating systems, such as Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom as well as parts of France and Italy.Heat pumps also use the ground as a heat source. These devices are called geothermal or ground-source heat pumps and require…
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Financing the transition
…rate subsidy disperses a pre-defined lump sum, while a percentage-based subsidy reimburses a defined share of the total cost of the heat pump and its installation.The Boiler Upgrade Scheme in the United Kingdom is an example of the former. The programme offers GBP 7 500 to any homeowner who replaces their fossil fuel heating system with a heat pump. Germany has taken the latter approach, with a subsidy that covers up to 70% of the heat pump installation costs.Flat-rate subsidies also can be based on household income. This is the case in France, where a grant programme…
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Regulating the sector
…to which Moldova prioritises heat pumps in building retrofits. Appliance standards and restrictions Standards for space heating appliances define the types of equipment that can be sold, setting minimum performance and environmental criteria. These standards have been in place in many European countries since the 1990s. By limiting inefficient systems, they play a crucial role in advancing Europe’s energy transition.Several countries have gone further by introducing stringent requirements for heating systems. Since 2022, new buildings in France can no longer be fitted with oil or gas heating systems, while Germany mandates that at least 65% of energy used...
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Prices: Trends in wholesale markets differ across regions
…the first half of the year in countries such as Germany, Netherlands and Spain – up from 4-5% in 2024. Germany saw an increase in wholesale electricity prices in H1 2025 (+37%), with average prices slightly below USD 100/MWh. In addition to the higher gas prices compared to 2024, the significant reduction in wind power generation due to less favourable weather conditions also contributed to the price rise. To meet demand, Germany had to rely more on gas- and coal-fired power generation, which put upward pressure on power prices. German futures contracts for 2026 indicate a similar price level…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Trade and infrastructure
…the world’s longest, largest-diameter hydrogen pipelines are currently being built. In Germany, work began on repurposing a 400 km section of a natural gas pipeline in 2025, in a world-first repurposing project of this scale.If all announced underground hydrogen storage projects are realised by 2035, around 11 TWh of capacity (325 kt H₂) will be available. However, only 5% has reached FID or is under construction, equivalent to 2.5% of the annual output from committed low-emissions hydrogen projects. Progress remains concentrated in Germany, where one commercial-scale salt cavern project has reached FID.By 2030, over 130 high-traffic…
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The Future of Electricity in the Middle East and North Africa Executive summary
…TWh). This made the MENA region the third-largest contributor to global electricity demand growth after China and India. Looking ahead, demand is projected to rise by another 50% by 2035, adding the equivalent of the current demand of Germany and Spain combined – with significant implications for global energy markets. Cooling and desalination: Twin pillars of surging electricity demand growth The region’s climate, characterised by extreme heat and water scarcity, means that reliable and resilient electricity systems are vital to sustaining everyday life. Average temperatures in MENA are rising at more than twice the global rate, and summer…
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Renewables 2025 Biogases
…In 2024, EU production of biomethane increased 14% EU production of biogases in 2024 increased 3%. Growth was modest in biogas (1% year on year), but significantly higher for biomethane (14% year on year).The production of biogas, used primarily for electricity and CHP generation, is highly concentrated in Germany (53% of EU production). Biomethane production is on the rise in most European countries, with Germany (29% of EU production), France, Italy, Denmark and the Netherlands collectively accounting for 93% of EU production. The United Kingdom is also significant, with production equivalent to an additional 23% of the EU total…
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France-Germany-Italy Joint Communique on Critical Raw Materials
As part of a series of trilateral meetings designed to enhance co-operation on strategic priorities, the economic ministers of France, Germany and Italy convened to collaborate on the sustainable supply of critical raw materials. The Ministers issued this Joint Communique with the aim for deepening co-ordination on extraction and processing, as well as advancing the circular economy through recycling. The meeting, which was also attended by industry representatives, provided a platform for strategising on how to best provide support to mineral companies. The three governments pledged to:Set extraction, processing and recycling targets for each strategic raw materialReinforce…