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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy in Southeast Asia
…the region’s energy demand profile. Industry is the largest end-use sector, accounting for around 45% of total final consumption today, and has been the main source of demand growth since 2015, driven by manufacturing, non-energy-intensive industries and rapid expansion in metals production, including nickel-related activity in Indonesia. Transport remains the main driver of oil demand, with road freight, rising car ownership and the region’s large two- and three-wheeler fleet sustaining fuel consumption. In buildings, progress on electricity access and clean cooking has reduced reliance on traditional biomass, while rising ownership of appliances and…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settings
…Gas use in the power sector rises, with annual output increasing by more than 1.5-fold in both scenarios to around 600 TWh by 2035. In the STEPS, renewables and nuclear together provide just over half of total generation by 2050, compared with 43% in the CPS. Solar PV generation rises from 44 TWh in 2024 to almost 200 TWh in 2035 in the STEPS, while expansion is slower in the CPS due to integration challenges. Other renewables also increase, led by geothermal, mainly in Indonesia and the Philippines. Climate risks add another layer to the region’s p...
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Southeast Asia’s energy challenges and emerging opportunities
…use entails broader risks, including CO₂ emissions and air pollution, which contributed to an estimated 330 000 premature deaths in 2024. Measures implemented as of 7 May 2026. FX = foreign exchange. CB = central bank. Interest in nuclear power is growing as Southeast Asian countries look for firm, low-emissions electricity to meet rising demand and diversify power systems. Indonesia, the Philippines and Viet Nam have set development targets, while Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Myanmar are considering nuclear. Nuclear could strengthen electricity security by providing firm power, reducing fossil fuel imports and complementing renewables. However, projects require strong regulatory…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Coal
…falling: its current share (35%) is the lowest since the IEA was founded in 1974.Consumption of metallurgical coal fell by around 0.5% in 2024, driven mainly by the decline in global steel production. However, overall coal demand for non‑power uses grew very slightly, driven by the growth and strong performance of coal-intensive sectors such as nickel mining in Indonesia and chemical production in China. Developing Asia leads increasing coal demand The share of global coal demand consumed in Developing Asia rose again in 2024, reaching nearly four fifths, up from below two fifths in 2000. In China…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in other light-duty electric vehicles
…in programme for electric bicycles in 2024, boosting their sales. Urban commuters, in particular, may be attracted by e-bikes as a lower-cost alternative that enables access to bike lanes and areas where 2Ws are banned. As the Chinese market for electric 2Ws continues to decline, the country’s OEMs are looking abroad for growth opportunities. China’s largest electric 2W manufacturer, Yadea, broke ground on a USD 150 million new assembly plant in Indonesia in 2024, which has a planned output of 3 million vehicles by 2028 (likely to also include e-bikes). In recent years, Chinese OEMs have also established...
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Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Trade
…first time. This volume is more than double that of India, the second-largest importer. Viet Nam also emerged as a key importer in 2024, surpassing Chinese Taipei to join the top five. Imports into Viet Nam are estimated to have increased by 16%, supported by strong demand and stable domestic production. In 2024, Indonesia’s thermal coal exports grew by 6%, reaching 549 Mt, largely driven by strong demand from China. Australia also recorded a modest increase, with exports rising by 3% to 209 Mt. Colombia’s thermal coal exports grew by 8%, reaching 59 Mt. In contrast, Russia…
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Renewables 2025 Executive summary
…2030. The faster growth of pumped storage plants between 2025-30 leads to a much greater increase in hydropower compared with the previous five years. In 2030, annual geothermal capacity additions are expected to reach a historic high, triple the 2024 increase, driven by growth in the United States, Indonesia, Japan, Türkiye, Kenya and the Philippines.The forecast for growth in global renewable power capacity is revised down slightly, mainly due to policy changes in the United States and China. The renewable energy growth forecast for the 2025-2030 period is 5% lower compared with last year’s report, reflecting…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Current Policies Scenario
…the case, and geopolitical constraints remain in place, demand could be met through increased production in other countries, but this would entail increased investment, and would probably also mean higher prices. Electricity demand rises in all countries and regions, with the strongest growth in India and Indonesia, but the push for a much more electrified energy system does not gain broad momentum in the CPS. Solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind are cost competitive in many regions, but deployment faces integration challenges that slow further growth: annual solar PV capacity additions average 540 gigawatts to 2035, similar to the level in 2024. Coal…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Policy and strategic actions
…inform distinct strategies: regaining ground internationally (e.g. European Union, United Kingdom); sharpening EV advantages (e.g. Japan, Korea); playing to domestic strengths (e.g. Canada, Mexico, United States); investing for balanced growth (e.g. Thailand, Indonesia, Morocco, Brazil, South Africa, Türkiye); seizing new opportunities (e.g. Egypt, Viet Nam, Chile, Nigeria).Several of the archetype countries have the opportunity to build on extensive existing capabilities in internal combustion engine (ICE) car assembly and supply chains. Existing industrial clusters and know-how represent a competitive advantage, as well as a source of revenue from ICE vehicle sales as electric car markets ramp up. However…
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Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Prices
…however, coal prices continued to ease. By year-end, Australian low-volatile coking coal (FOB) had declined to below USD 200 per tonne. Thermal coal benchmarks also fell: Newcastle 6 000 kcal/kg FOB went down to USD 125 per tonne, while Indonesian 4 200 kcal/kg FOB hovered around USD 50 per tonne.In Spring 2025, coal markets exhibited greater stability, with more muted movements compared to the volatility of previous years. Thermal coal prices declined due to ongoing stock surpluses in China and India and falling demand in Europe. However, first-quarter 2025 European demand exceeded expectations as coal offset low wind and…