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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Trade and infrastructure
…allocated funding has been awarded in initial rounds due to a range of difficulties, including regulatory uncertainty, limited funding volumes and currency risk, prompting modifications to the design of subsequent rounds.Around 37 000 km of hydrogen pipelines have been announced to 2035, but less than 6% have reached final investment decision (FID). Most projects are in Europe and China, where the world’s longest, largest-diameter hydrogen pipelines are currently being built. In Germany, work began on repurposing a 400 km section of a natural gas pipeline in 2025, in a world-first repurposing project of this scale.If all announced underground…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Southeast Asia
…uses.Use of hydrogen for steel production could create an opportunity for Indonesia and Viet Nam, which are home to most of the region’s steel production and iron ore reserves, and for the Philippines and Thailand, which rely heavily on steel imports to meet demand. Hydrogen-based steel could contribute to satisfying the expected regional steel demand growth, but faces competition from China. In the maritime sector, more than 85% of total energy demand is from international shipping in Singapore, which is pursuing a multi-fuel strategy, performing trials and defining technical standards for ammonia and methanol bunkering. In aviation…
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Renewables 2025 Biogases
…possible to displace fossil fuels for hard-to-electrify uses with minimum infrastructure investment. However, direct biogas use, mainly for electricity or combined heat and power (CHP) generation, remains a relevant growth driver in regions with limited gas pipeline infrastructure (e.g. Brazil, India and China). In 2024, EU production of biomethane increased 14% EU production of biogases in 2024 increased 3%. Growth was modest in biogas (1% year on year), but significantly higher for biomethane (14% year on year).The production of biogas, used primarily for electricity and CHP generation, is highly concentrated in Germany (53% of EU production)…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Executive summary
…are entering the system at speed, and renewables set new records for deployment in 2024 for the 23rd consecutive year. Oil, natural gas and coal consumption, and nuclear output, all reached record highs as well. Driven mainly by China, since 2019 demand for coal has grown 50% faster than the next fastest growing fossil fuel, natural gas, a key reason why energy-related emissions have continued to grow.There is no single storyline about the future of energy, which is why the World Energy Outlook presents multiple scenarios, none of which is a forecast. The framework presented in this Outlook…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Stated Policies Scenario
…Natural gas demand increases nearly 1% annually to 2035, supported by abundant supply and major liquefied natural gas (LNG) expansions in the United States and Qatar, then levels off. Coal demand peaks before 2030 as declines in China outweigh increases in India and Southeast Asia. From the 2030s, renewables in aggregate meet all additional global energy demand as they provide increasing amounts of generation in a rapidly expanding power sector. The renewables share in electricity generation rises from one-third today to over half by 2035 and two-thirds by 2050, led by solar and wind power with support from…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Regional insights
…broad term that includes affordability and supply chain resilience, an often cited metric is import dependence on fuels, notably oil, natural gas and coal. Several large economies are net importers of energy. These include Japan, Korea, European Union, India and China. Others, notably the Middle East, Eurasia, Africa and the United States, are net exporters of energy. A high level of import dependence can act as a spur to boost renewable and nuclear energy, diversify sources of supply and improve energy efficiency. This chapter explores energy pathways in different countries and regions. It also includes a deep dive into a…
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Chinese Taipei
The Taiwanese government enacted in the late 2010s the Statute for Renewable Energy Development to reduce CO2 emissions, improve energy diversification and promote green-energy industries. The government is seeking to generate 8% of electricity from renewables by 2025.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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State-owned enterprises, state-owned funds and state-owned commercial bank commitments by technology, 2019-2024
State-owned enterprises, state-owned funds and state-owned commercial bank commitments by technology, 2019-2024 China energy finance
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Investment in transmission and distribution and electricity demand in Latin America in the STEPS Scenario, 2025-2035
Investment in transmission and distribution and electricity demand in Latin America in the STEPS Scenario, 2025-2035 China energy finance
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State-owned enterprises, state-owned funds and state-owned commercial bank commitments by instrument, 2019-2024
State-owned enterprises, state-owned funds and state-owned commercial bank commitments by instrument, 2019-2024 China energy finance
