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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Key findings
…yet there is still no sign that methane emissions from fossil fuel operations are falling, despite well-known and proven mitigation pathways. Oil, gas and coal production output reached record highs in 2025, and the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that methane emissions from these activities total 124 million tonnes (Mt) a year: oil is the largest source at 45 Mt, followed by coal at 43 Mt, and natural gas at 36 Mt. A further 20 Mt comes from bioenergy production and consumption, largely from the incomplete combustion of traditional biomass used for cooking and heating in developing economies.Although IEA-estimated fossil fuel emissions…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Regional insights
…in Central and South America emitted just under 8 million tonnes (Mt) of methane in 2025, around half of which was from oil and gas facilities in Venezuela. Oil and gas facilities are the main sources of methane emissions in Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, whereas in Colombia emissions are split roughly evenly between coal mining and oil and gas activities. In Venezuela, the upstream methane emissions intensity of oil and gas operations is nearly six times the global average, and flaring intensity is around 12 times higher. The intensities of operations in Argentina and Ecuador are around twice the global average…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy outlook to 2050 based on targets and pledges
…all contribute to lower fossil fuel dependence. Industry remains the largest source of final energy demand growth, rising by 40% to 13 EJ by 2050, while electricity demand more than doubles as non-energy-intensive industries expand and electrify. In energy-intensive industries, electrification exceeds 20% by 2050, helping reduce coal demand by around 30%. In transport, energy demand is only around 5% higher in 2050 than today despite much larger vehicle fleets, as electric vehicles, rail and biofuels expand. EVs and biofuels displace around 3 mboe/d of oil demand by 2050, equivalent to Southeast Asia’s current crude…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Key findings
…electricity demand surged by 4.3%, well above the 3.2% growth in global GDP, driven by record temperatures, electrification and digitalisation. Renewables accounted for the largest share of the growth in global energy supply (38%), followed by natural gas (28%), coal (15%), oil (11%) and nuclear (8%).Emerging and developing economies accounted for over 80% of global energy demand growth. In China, growth in energy demand slowed to under 3% in 2024, half the rate in 2023 and well below China’s average annual growth of 4.3% in recent years. Nevertheless, China still saw the largest demand growth…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Energy Review 2025 CO2 Emissions
…Japan and the United States.In emerging market and developing economies, energy-related CO2 emissions increased by 1.5% (375 Mt CO2) in 2024, driven by rising energy demand associated with rapid economic and population growth. Emissions from coal rose by 2%, while natural gas emissions increased by 3.7% and oil emissions rose by 0.3%, reflecting the continued reliance on fossil fuels to meet expanding industrial activity and improve energy access.China’s energy-related CO2 emissions grew by an estimated 0.4% year-on-year in 2024, with most of the growth occurring in the first quarter…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Regional insights
…emitted around 8 Mt of methane in 2024, about 45% of which were from oil and gas facilities in Venezuela. Oil and gas facilities are the main sources of methane emissions in Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, and coal mines are the largest source in Colombia.The upstream methane emissions intensity of oil and gas operations in Venezuela is six times the global average, and its flaring intensity is ten times the global average. Operations in Argentina and Ecuador are around twice the global average, while Brazil and Colombia perform slightly below the global average. Little measurement data is available across countries…
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Energy and AI Energy supply for AI
Global electricity supply to meet data centre demand Global electricity generation to supply data centres is projected to grow from 460 TWh in 2024 to over 1 000 TWh in 2030 and 1 300 TWh in 2035 in the Base Case. Over the next five years, renewables meet nearly half of the additional demand, followed by natural gas and coal, with nuclear starting to play an increasingly important role towards the end of this decade and beyond.Coal, with a share of about 30%, is the largest source of electricity, though this varies significantly by region, with the highest contribution found in China. Renewables – primarily wind…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Executive summary
…nuclear, grids, storage, low-emissions fuels, efficiency and electrification, twice as much as the USD 1.1 trillion going to oil, natural gas and coal. Open questions about the economic and trade outlook means that some investors are adopting a wait-and-see approach to new project approvals, but we have yet to see significant implications for spending on existing projects. Rapid growth in spending on energy transitions over the past five years was kicked off by post-pandemic recovery packages and then sustained by a variety of economic, technology, industrial and energy security considerations, not only by climate policies. Some 70…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Southeast Asia
…60%. Driving this is a 12% increase in electricity access rates, growing consumption in industry, urbanisation and rising incomes creating demand for cooling and other appliances. Historically, this rising energy demand has been met by fossil fuels, making up 60% of total energy investment in the past decade. Coal was the main beneficiary, growing from 20% to 30% of the region’s energy mix, with USD 110 billion invested since 2015, concentrated in Indonesia and Viet Nam. However, fossil fuel investment decreased from USD 70 billion in 2015 to USD 50 billion in 2025 while clean energy investment reached USD 47 billion, up from 30 billion in 2015…
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Emissions: Power generation CO2 emissions are plateauing
…such as intense heat waves, cold spells or below-average hydropower output, can lead to an increase in emissions in individual years. Moreover, developments in China, where more than half of the world’s coal-fired generation takes place, can significantly influence global trends. Declines in China, Europe and the Americas offset rising emissions in other regions Multiple regions in the world are expected to record falling emissions from electricity generation out to 2026. The largest decrease in terms of absolute emissions is expected in China. This corresponds to a modest average annual decline rate of less than 1% for…
