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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in electric car affordability
Falling battery pack prices and intensifying competition underpin progress in electric car affordability Today, electric cars often have a lower total cost of ownership than ICE cars over the vehicle lifetime, due to reduced fuel and maintenance expenses. However, reducing the purchase price gap will be key to broader uptake. In Europe, for example, respondents to a 2023 survey by the European Commission identified the price of battery electric cars as the main barrier to adoption. While battery electric car prices generally fell in 2024, the price gap with ICE cars remains in most regions. Electric car affordability has made…
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Outlook for gaseous fuels
Global demand for natural gas held up better than demand for other fossil fuels during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic, and then increased by 5% in 2021, double its average growth rate over the past decade. A dearth of new projects, weather-related increases in demand, LNG outages and reduced Russian exports tightened the global gas supply balance from mid-2021 and put upward pressure on prices, especially in Europe where the Title Transfer Facility (TTF) benchmark rose from less than USD 10 per million British thermal units (MBtu) in the first-half of 2021 to over 30 USD…
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Suriname
The Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of Suriname to the Paris Agreement included commitments to improve sustainable forest management with the goal of enhancing the country's carbon sink potential, but no targets in terms of absolute or relative GHG emissions by 2030.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026
The Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 is the seventh edition of this World Energy Outlook Special Report, making Southeast Asia by far the most regularly updated regional outlook compiled by the International Energy Agency (IEA). This reflects the dynamism of the region, as well as the importance of the IEA’s partnership with the eleven countries that make up the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste (joined ASEAN in 2025) and Viet Nam.As energy security concerns move ever higher on…
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Sustainable Transport for Georgia: A Roadmap Executive summary
Georgia is at a pivotal point in shaping sustainable transport policy. This roadmap guides policy makers in making transport cleaner, fairer and more efficient while building on Georgia’s strengths – its location, institutions, competitive wages, low-emissions electricity and natural resources. Key opportunities include assembling and producing electric vehicles; manufacturing cells and battery components for mobility and storage; strengthening regional freight links; and developing low-emission fuels.Road transport has become cleaner and more efficient, but progress needs to accelerate. Car ownership and freight activity have risen along with incomes, but this comes at a cost: Nearly all of Georgia…
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Coal 2025 Trade
International coal trade is set to decline in 2025 International coal trade grew by 3% in 2024, reaching a new record of 1 544 Mt. This growth was driven by increases in both thermal coal (up 26 Mt to 1 176 Mt) and met coal (up 21 Mt to 368 Mt). Coal trade accounted for approximately 18% of global coal demand, with thermal coal making up more than three-quarters of total traded volumes. Seaborne trade continued to dominate, representing over 90% of global coal trade in 2024.The Asia Pacific region further strengthened its dominance, accounting for 85% of global coal imports in 2024. China led…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Energy Technology Perspectives 2026 Deployment of clean energy technologies, materials and fuels
Outlook Many clean energy technologies are increasingly cost-competitive and growing strongly. Their aggregate market value has grown 20% on average per year since 2015 to reach nearly USD 1.2 trillion. Some 80% of global solar PV and wind generation now occurs at lower levelised costs than for coal or gas. Battery prices have dropped 75% since 2015, pushing electric car sales to around 25% share in 2025. Deployment increases in all IEA scenarios: in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS), their global market value nearly doubles to around USD 2 trillion in 2035, greater than the oil market in…
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Coal 2025 Executive summary
Global coal demand in 2025 is set to remain close to 2024 levels amid unusual regional trends Key factors such as weather, fuel prices and policy decisions all shaped global coal consumption in 2025, driving changes in demand that often ran counter to recent country or regional trends.In India – one of the traditional engines of coal demand growth – an early and strong monsoon season depressed electricity demand and boosted hydropower output. As a result, the country’s annual coal power generation is set to decline year-on-year for only the third time in the past five decades. In…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Copper
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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Oil Market Report - August 2025
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights Global oil demand is projected to increase by 680 kb/d in 2025 and 700 kb/d in 2026, to reach 104.4 mb/d. Despite weaker-than-expected demand in China, India and Brazil in recent months, annual growth of 600 kb/d in 2Q25…
