-
Curacao
Curacao
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
-
+ 5 pages
![Curacao Flag]()
-
Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Heat pumps in Moldova
This chapter explores the benefits of heat pumps and their potential application in Moldova. It discusses different heat pump types and potential applications, then dives into the benefits of heat pumps in terms of energy efficiency, energy security, greenhouse gas emissions, economic development and EU accession. The chapter then discusses the status of heat pumps in Moldova and their potential, addressing the applications for which they are most suited in the Moldovan context. Heat pump applications Heat pumps have been widely recognised as a key technology for decarbonising heating in buildings, industry and district heating systems. Global and European scenarios…
-
Global Energy and Climate Model Macro drivers
Overview The Global Energy and Climate Model (GEC Model) uses macro drivers, techno-economic inputs and policies as input data to design and calculate the scenarios. The values for the different data categories and scenarios used in the GEC Model 2025 can be downloaded here.Economic activity and population are the two fundamental drivers of demand for energy services in GEC Model scenarios. Unless otherwise specified, these are kept constant across all scenarios as a means of providing a starting point for the analysis and facilitating the interpretation of the results. The projections are based on the average retail prices…
-
Brazil 2025 Policy recommendations for Brazil
…solar photovoltaics (PV) in a secure and efficient way. 16. Reform the electricity retail market to reflect correct and fair pricing of electricity and use of networks, and to jump-start demand response. 17. Reform the distributed PV net metering scheme to address increasing inequalities and serious risks for power system efficiency and stability. Oil and gas 18. Consider more targeted and regionally sensitive upstream policies to incentivise broader participation in exploration and production, and to develop oil and gas in a balanced way for Brazilian society. 19. Incentivise oil and gas companies to allocate a higher percentage of…
-
Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Demand: Global electricity use to grow strongly in 2025 and 2026
Global electricity demand is forecast to increase by an average annual 3.3% in 2025 and by 3.7% in 2026, a moderation from 4.4% in 2024 but still some of the highest growth rates observed over the last decade. This is a slight downward revision from our previous forecast in February 2025 of 4% growth for this year and 3.8% in 2026. The change is partly due to the IMF's downgrade of the global GDP growth outlook compared with its January 2025 update amid elevated uncertainty surrounding trade tariffs and economic prospects. Despite these downside risks…
-
Korea 2025
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Korea and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…
-
Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Assessing the sustainable potential and cost of feedstocks for biogas and biomethane
Feedstock assessment This assessment considers over 30 types of feedstocks for biogases. They can be broadly grouped together as crop residues, animal manure, biowaste and woody biomass. We assess feedstocks that can be processed without direct competition with food for agricultural land or animal feed, and that do not have any other adverse sustainability impacts. Biogas and methane yields are key indicators of how suitable a feedstock is for energy production. Biogas yield refers to the total volume of gas produced from a feedstock through anaerobic digestion, primarily methane (CH₄) and CO₂. Methane yield, by contrast, accounts only for the…
-
Iron and steel
Iron and steel
-
Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Nuclear
In 2025, 3 GW of new nuclear capacity came online, with China, India and Russia each completing work on a new reactor. However, these additions were offset by the retirement of 3 GW of nuclear capacity, two-thirds of which was in Belgium. In total, global nuclear capacity remained at 420 GW at the end of 2025, with reactors in operation in over 30 countries. There were ten construction starts in 2025 – nine in China and one in Russia – with a total capacity of 12.2 GW. Over the past decade, 94% of nuclear reactors that started construction were of…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
-
+ 9 pages
-
Renewables 2025 Executive summary
Renewables’ global growth, driven by solar PV, remains strong amid rising headwinds Global renewable power capacity is expected to double between now and 2030, increasing by 4 600 gigawatts (GW). This is roughly the equivalent of adding China, the European Union and Japan’s power generation capacity combined to the global energy mix. Solar PV accounts for almost 80% of the global increase, followed by wind, hydropower, bioenergy and geothermal. In more than 80% of countries worldwide, renewable power capacity is set to grow faster between 2025 and 2030 than it did over the previous five-year period. However, challenges including…
