-
Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key issues affecting biogas and biomethane projects
…use and biodiversity concerns associated with energy crops, this landscape has since changed, with several European countries implementing restrictions on their usage. The feedstock mix in Europe is now moving towards a mix of agricultural residues, animal manure, organic municipal solid waste and industrial waste. In China, household and farm biodigesters were central to biogas policies of the early 2000s, supporting rural development or waste management. As provinces have gained gas and electricity connections instead, the focus has now shifted to mid- and large-scale plants with diversified feedstock mixes. In India, government schemes exist both for biogas from livestock…
-
Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Biogas and biomethane outlook to 2050
…Whereas natural gas prices in 2020 were at record lows, the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 triggered interest in developing biomethane to substitute imported natural gas. The revised figure is driven in part by strengthened policy incentives, notably in Europe and China. There is a strong continued use case for biogases in the Outlook scenarios. Electricity's share in total final consumption increases from 20% in 2023 to over 30% by 2050 in the STEPs and around 40% in the APS. Nevertheless, liquid and gaseous fuels still meet 50% of total final energy consumption in the STEPS and 40…
-
World Energy Investment 2025 India
…India is working to diversify its power generation mix by promoting investment in renewables and nuclear to meet sharply rising electricity demand Electricity demand in India has been rising sharply due to increases in commercial and residential space, a surge in ownership of air conditioners and appliances, and rising demand from industry. India has seen the third-largest growth in power generation capacity in the world after China and the United States over the past five years. While growth in power generation has come from all sources, there has been a surge in investment in renewables, led by solar PV…
-
Gas Market Report, Q3-2025 Executive summary
…concentrated in Europe and North America, with adverse weather leading to stronger gas use in the buildings and power sectors. In contrast, gas demand was subdued in Asia, with both China and India recording demand declines in the first half of 2025. Market fundamentals remained tight in the first half of 2025 due to a combination of lower Russian piped gas exports to the European Union, slower growth in liquefied natural gas (LNG) output and higher storage injection needs in Europe. This supported higher natural gas prices in key import markets and weighed on natural gas demand in Asia. Meanwhile…
-
Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Demand
…with China, India, and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries estimated to have accounted for approximately 77% of total demand in 2024, more than double their share at the start of this century. This shift highlights the region’s increasing influence on global coal market dynamics.Coal-fired power generation, the main driver of global coal demand, also reached a record high in 2024, estimated at 10 766 TWh. In contrast, metallurgical coal consumption, primarily used in iron and steel production, remained relatively stable, with a slight decline estimated for the year.China remains the dominant player in…
-
Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Trade
…by 28 Mt to reach 1 180 Mt. This growth was primarily driven by strong import demand in Asia, especially from China. The country experienced growth in imports, with coal imports reaching new highs. Imports increased by 14% up to 548 Mt, resulting in total annual imports surpassing 500 Mt for the first time. This volume is more than double that of India, the second-largest importer. Viet Nam also emerged as a key importer in 2024, surpassing Chinese Taipei to join the top five. Imports into Viet Nam are estimated to have increased by 16%, supported by strong demand and stable…
-
Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Emissions: Power generation CO2 emissions are plateauing
…annual rate of 3.7%, falling from 445 g CO₂/kWh in 2024 to 415 g CO₂/kWh by 2026. The European Union is expected to lead this trend, with the steepest average annual reduction of around 10%, dropping from 175 g CO₂/kWh to 140 g CO₂/kWh over the same period. China is also forecast to see a significant decline of more than 5% per year, from 565 g CO₂/kWh in 2024 to 505 g CO₂/kWh in 2026. India’s emissions intensity is expected to fall by 3.8% annually, while the United States is projected to see a 2.2% average annual reduction over the same period.
-
Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Investment and innovation
…capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS)-equipped hydrogen production. In 2025, electrolysis is expected to account for 80% of spending but only 56% of production from projects under construction, given its higher capital intensity.Investment in electrolysis-based projects is highest in China and Europe, while the United States allocates a larger share to CCUS-equipped production. Over 50% of total investment in 2024 and 2025 targets hydrogen use in oil refining and industrial facilities with existing hydrogen demand.Guarantees and risk-sharing instruments are essential to scaling up hydrogen projects, particularly for first-of-a-kind deployments and emerging technologies. Collaboration…
-
Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Five key questions about hydrogen
…story. Despite falling short of the ambitious targets from the early 2020s, the sector is achieving remarkable milestones that demonstrate clear progress.The scale of electrolyser projects is growing fast. In 2021, the world's largest reached 30 MW. In 2025, a 500 MW project was commissioned in China, and Saudi Arabia's NEOM project is targeting 2 GW to be operative by 2027 – a 75-fold increase in just six years. Considering only projects that are operational, under construction or have reached a final investment decision, low-emissions hydrogen production can grow fivefold by 2030, reaching 4.2 million tonnes per year…
-
The Future of Electricity in the Middle East and North Africa Executive summary
…urbanisation, rising living standards, and accelerating climate pressures. Between 2000 and 2024, electricity demand tripled – increasing by more than 1 000 terawatt-hours (TWh). This made the MENA region the third-largest contributor to global electricity demand growth after China and India. Looking ahead, demand is projected to rise by another 50% by 2035, adding the equivalent of the current demand of Germany and Spain combined – with significant implications for global energy markets. Cooling and desalination: Twin pillars of surging electricity demand growth The region’s climate, characterised by extreme heat and water scarcity, means that reliable and resilient electricity…
