IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables

            photo from the perspective of looking up to the top of electricity tower pylons with a colorful blue and yellow background in the sky

            Electricity

            Low-emission fuels

            Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Hector Martinez Ruupyvdsnek Unsplash

            Energy Efficiency and Demand

            Ccus Tall

            Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage

            • Buildings
            • Energy Efficiency and Demand
            • Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage
            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy

                • United States

                • 1994

                Utility Solar Water Heating Initiative

                The Utility Solar Water Heating Initiative (USH2O) is a coalition of utilities and the solar thermal industry that focuses on implementing cost-effective, reliable solar solutions for utilities and their customers. USH2O advocates the application of solar water heating for renewable portfolio standards (requiring that a percentage of utility electric sales are produced or offset by renewables) and green pricing programs (providing customers with the option to purchase and support renewables). USH2O provides information about utility water heating programs and offers services to utility companies and energy service providers considering implementation.

                • Country report

                • Nov 2025

                Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap Accelerating sustainable transportAccelerating sustainable transport

                Amid a rapidly changing energy landscape and mounting environmental pressures, Armenia faces both an urgent challenge and an opportunity to reshape its transport system. As it seeks to balance the twin goals of enhanced energy security and reduced dependence on imported fossil fuels, Armenia has made the transition to sustainable transport a top priority.This chapter lays out a forward-looking framework designed to accelerate Armenia’s shift to an efficient, low-carbon and resilient transport system. Drawing on international best practices, the recommendations focus on three interconnected priorities: electrifying the road transport fleet, boosting overall transport system efficiency and…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Sustainable transport in ArmeniaSustainable transport in Armenia
                • Accelerating sustainable transportAccelerating sustainable transport
                • Policy recommendations and milestonesPolicy recommendations and milestones
                Shutterstock 2544985873 - Aerial view of Yerevan
                • Country report

                • Mar 2025

                Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Policy recommendations for the coming 2-3 yearsPolicy recommendations for the coming 2-3 years

                Prioritise deployment of renewables to boost energy security and create an enabling environment for future hydrogen development Ukraine currently lacks adequate power generation capacity and restoring energy security must be a priority. Any activity focused on accelerating deployment of renewables will have positive spillover effects for hydrogen, by building experience across the workforce and companies and helping to build confidence among potential investors. This will also indirectly reduce the cost of capital by reducing the uncertainties related with renewable electricity generation. Similarly, any efforts related to permitting and administrative processes for renewables can also support the creation of standardised processes…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Taking stock of the effect of warTaking stock of the effect of war
                • The hydrogen opportunityThe hydrogen opportunity
                • Unlocking the opportunity - A roadmap for actionUnlocking the opportunity - A roadmap for action
                • + 1 pages

                Shutterstock 1136857097
                • Country

                Kosovo

                This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244/99 and the Opinion of the International Court of Justice on Kosovo’s declaration of independence.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Kosovo Flag
                • Flagship report

                • May 2026

                Global EV Outlook 2026 Electric vehicle chargingElectric vehicle charging

                Light-duty electric vehicle charger deployment Most electric car owners charge at home Globally, the number of private light-duty vehicle (LDV) charging points is estimated to have reached more than 43 million in 2025, supporting an electric LDV stock of around 76 million. About one-third of the private charging points worldwide are in the People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”), one-third in Europe, and one in six in the United States.Home charging – whether in a driveway, garage or other dedicated parking space – is currently the preferred way to charge an electric car for those with the ability to…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Cutting through the noiseCutting through the noise
                • Trends in electric carsTrends in electric cars
                • Trends in other EV modesTrends in other EV modes
                • + 4 pages

                Photo depicts Large RoRo (Roll-on Roll-off) into Commercial dock loading new car product order for sale for export international on the sea, business service transportation concept, photograph Drone Point of view  Global EV Outlook 2026 GettyImages 147191
                • Fuel report

                • Sep 2025

                Global Hydrogen Review 2025 PoliciesPolicies

                Highlights Announced public funding for low-emissions hydrogen decreased by nearly two-thirds compared to the Global Hydrogen Review 2024 (GHR-24), to a cumulative USD 38 billion, but a larger share of funds is now making its way to specific projects. Several programmes in the European Union, India, Japan and United Kingdom have progressed to the second phase or beyond, with new calls building on learning from the first phase.Almost 90% of the public funding comes from advanced economies; other policy instruments like land allocation, tax incentives and reduced administrative procedures remain more common among emerging markets. The supply side still receives…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Progress summary dashboardProgress summary dashboard
                • Five key questions about hydrogenFive key questions about hydrogen
                • DemandDemand
                • + 6 pages

                Abstract, colorful blue and green background, oil on water surface. Oil drops in water abstract psychedelic, abstract image.
                • Fuel report

                • Jun 2026

                Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                The conflict in the Middle East has disrupted global production and trade of hydrogen-based products The Middle East is a major producer of hydrogen-based products, and the conflict has strongly impacted their production. The Middle East is home to around one-sixth of global hydrogen production, the majority dedicated to the production of chemicals, fertilisers and refined oil products. The region accounts for more than 10% of global refining capacity, ammonia and urea production, and close to 17% of methanol production. Several refineries and petrochemical plants have halted operations due to supply disruptions and the impossibility of exporting…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Progress summary dashboardProgress summary dashboard
                • Key questions about hydrogenKey questions about hydrogen
                • DemandDemand
                • + 6 pages

                photo depicts Aerial view of oil storage tank and steel pipeline at night, oil storage tank, petroleum petrochemical refinery product, oil pipeline transportation system, steel pipeline to the oil refinery industry.
                • Contributor

                Adam Brown

                Former Senior Energy Analyst.

                • Report

                • Jun 2026

                Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 HydrogenHydrogen

                Hydrogen

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • HydrogenHydrogen
                • Road transportRoad transport
                • SteelSteel
                • + 3 pages

                GettyImages 2249287982 Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026
                • Fuel report

                • Oct 2025

                Renewables 2025 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                Renewables’ global growth, driven by solar PV, remains strong amid rising headwinds Global renewable power capacity is expected to double between now and 2030, increasing by 4 600 gigawatts (GW). This is roughly the equivalent of adding China, the European Union and Japan’s power generation capacity combined to the global energy mix. Solar PV accounts for almost 80% of the global increase, followed by wind, hydropower, bioenergy and geothermal. In more than 80% of countries worldwide, renewable power capacity is set to grow faster between 2025 and 2030 than it did over the previous five-year period. However, challenges including…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Renewable electricityRenewable electricity
                • Renewable transportRenewable transport
                • Renewable heatRenewable heat
                • + 1 pages

                Solar energy panels installed in long rows with agricultural field in the background shutterstock 2078110768
              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.