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Scaling Up Transition Finance
Scaling Up
Transition
Finance Actions by emissions-intensive sectors, companies and countries are crucial to placing the world on a sustainable pathway. Yet investments that could deliver meaningful reductions in their environmental footprint often do not receive sufficient financial support. Currently, finance is drawn heavily to certain “green” assets and activities. While vital, these investments alone cannot deliver all the changes needed to cut global emissions, especially in areas where clean technologies are not yet commercially available or cost-competitive. This is where transition finance comes in: it can help emissions-intensive countries, companies and sectors shift over time towards…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026
Strengthening international collaboration to accelerate delivery Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Since its launch at COP 26, the Breakthrough Agenda has served as a framework for strengthening international collaboration across major emitting sectors. Participating countries have endorsed shared “Breakthrough” goals to make clean technologies and sustainable practices more affordable, accessible and attractive than their alternatives by 2030 across the power, road transport, hydrogen, steel, cement and buildings sectors.The Breakthrough Agenda establishes an annual cycle to track progress towards these goals, identify where stronger or more co‑ordinated international action is needed, and support collective efforts to accelerate deployment. Central to this process…
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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+ 3 pages
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Electricity 2026 Supply
…Coal-fired generation remained relatively flat in 2025, following a 1.4% increase in 2024. Declines in China and India were offset by gains in the United States, Eurasia and other Asian markets. Natural gas-fired output grew by around 0.5% y-o-y, a moderation from the 2.2% in 2024, amid gas-to-coal switching in various regions due to higher gas-prices compared to 2024. Nuclear generation was up 1.2% y-o-y, supported by restarts in Japan, higher output in France, and newly commissioned reactors in China and other countries. By contrast, oil-fired...
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Net Zero Emissions by 2050
…to those of today through to 2035, and lower still in the longer term. Fuel importers benefit too as import bills are cut by about two-thirds. Electricity takes on a bigger role to meet energy demand, underlining the significance of electricity security, and the need for secure and diversified supply chains for critical minerals and energy technologies. A pathway to return temperature rise below 1.5 °C The NZE scenario sees temperatures rise by around 1.65 °C above pre-industrial levels before falling back to 1.5 °C by 2100. Returning warming to below 1.5 °C require...
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit: Case studies
The following case studies demonstrate how different countries have successfully implemented energy efficiency policies across various sectors. These real-world examples are designed to support policymakers by offering practical insights into what works, under which conditions, and why.Each case study highlights specific policy instruments—such as regulations, information campaigns, or financial incentives—and shows how they have been applied in different contexts. They provide evidence on the outcomes achieved, lessons learned, and the challenges encountered during implementation. Readers are encouraged to explore the case studies by sector, policy type, or geographic region using the filters provided. Case studies bridge…
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Uganda
In 2019, Uganda’s energy mix was dominated by fuel wood and charcoal followed by a small share of oil products. The country produces electricity mainly from hydroelectric plants. Between 2017 and 2019, electrification outpaced population growth in Uganda. However in 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking.
The Electricity Connection Policy was introduced in 2018 with the ambition of increasing Uganda’s electricity access to 60 percent by 2027 through connection subsidies for consumers located close to the existing network. About 300,000 households and businesses have received free electricity connections, benefiting 1.5…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![Uganda Flag]()
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Trucks and Buses
Electrification of road transport goes beyond cars and the ambition is growing
Globally, almost 50 000 electric buses were sold in 2023, equating to 3% of total bus sales and bringing the global stock to approximately 635 000 in total. Several European countries (such as Belgium, Norway and Switzerland) and China achieved sales shares above 50% in 2023, and more than one-fifth of bus sales were electric in Canada, Chile, Finland, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal and Sweden.
Sales of electric trucks increased 35% in 2023 compared to 2022, meaning that total sales of electric trucks surpassed electric buses for…
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Executive summary
…pump sector. Strengthening energy security while improving efficiency, curbing natural gas use and working toward European Union accession Heat pumps offer multiple benefits. By implementing the policy recommendations outlined in this roadmap, Moldova can build a heat pump sector that strengthens energy security, improves efficiency, lowers greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, supports economic development and reduces energy poverty – all while advancing toward the goal of European Union membership. Moldova lacks domestic hydrocarbon resources and imports more than 80% of its primary energy. Securing reliable natural gas and electricity supplies has long been its main energy security challenge. Replacing natural…
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Stepping Up the Value Chain in Africa Executive summary
Africa is endowed with vast energy resources – fossil fuels, but also solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal – and yet energy supply remains limited: Around 600 million people on the continent lack reliable access to electricity. This energy gap constrains economic growth and industrial potential, particularly in rural areas where agriculture remains the dominant sector in the economy. As African economies grow and urbanise, the demand for energy-intensive industries and infrastructure is rising. Strategic investments in sustainable industrialisation can create a virtuous cycle that expands energy access and drives productivity, which in turn can attract more investment.Market opportunities already exist. Globally…
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Colombia 2023 Executive summary
…carbon capture and storage (CCS), and hydrogen. Colombia’s national oil company, Ecopetrol (Empresa Colombiana de Petroleos), is supporting the shift to low-carbon energy with investment plans for clean energy technology.In 2023, Colombia’s energy transition policy is at another crucial turning point, as the government targets the gradual shift to net zero, shifting away from an extractive industry model heavily dependent on oil and coal exports towards a more diversified clean energy economy based on investments in renewable energy sources, critical minerals and hydrogen.Colombia enjoys a strong natural resource base. Renewables accounted for more than a…
