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Energy and AI AI and climate change
The emergence of AI has both raised concerns that AI-fuelled data centre growth might fuel climate change and also raised expectations that AI applications in the energy sector could help reduce emissions by unlocking new optimisations and efficiencies. As over 100 countries – and the European Union – have targets to reach net zero emissions between 2030 and 2070, it is pertinent to explore what AI’s impact on emissions could potentially be. Global fuel combustion CO2 emissions are estimated to reach 35 000 million tonnes (Mt) in 2024. Data centres account for around 180 Mt of indirect CO2 emissions today from the consumption…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Electricity demand
Electricity demand grew more than twice as fast as overall energy demand Global electricity demand grew year-on-year by around 3% in 2025, easing from 4.4% in 2024, when intense heat waves boosted electricity consumption. Nevertheless, the 2025 growth rate remained above the 2.8% annual average observed between 2014 and 2024 and was also well over twice the rate of overall global energy demand growth in 2025 (1.3%). Demand growth was well above long-term average rates in advanced economies, but slowed in Asian economies In 2025, emerging market and developing economies accounted for 80% of…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Global Energy Review 2025 Oil
…effects eased. Oil’s share of total energy demand fell below 30% for the first time ever, 50 years after peaking at 46%.In 2024, chemical feedstocks and aviation each accounted for around half of oil demand growth in energy terms (in volumetric terms, the share of feedstocks was higher, at around 70%). After rebounding strongly following the end of Covid-19 lockdowns in many countries, growth in oil demand from the road transport sector has slowed markedly in recent years. Since 2022, it has accounted for just 5% of growth in global oil demand in energy terms. The 2024…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Czechia 2025 Executive summary
…close them earlier. This would be an extraordinary transformation of Czechia’s energy system. The transition from its fossil fuel legacy can be a springboard to building a vibrant clean energy economy. But it is not without challenges, such as addressing local impacts in coal-dependent regions, accelerating the deployment of alternative sources of energy, managing workforce transitions and gaining public acceptance. There is no time to waste: decisions taken in the coming years will be pivotal to determining the success of the phase-out. This report provides timely advice on how Czechia can achieve its goals, including in two…
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Renewables 2025 Biogases
…new blending mandate for biomethane grid injection will be in force in 2026, while the Netherlands is developing one. Ireland has set a national blending mandate for heating.Use in the transport sector continues to grow, especially where targets are based on fuels’ GHG performance, making biomethane more competitive, such as in Germany. On the other hand, creating a unified European market for trading green certificates remains a key demand. The new Union Database, expected to be operational for biogases in 2025, will facilitate the tracking of proof of sustainability (PoS) certificates required under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED).Germany…
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Oil Market Report - April 2025
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights Global oil demand growth for 2025 has been revised down by 300 kb/d since last month’s Report to 730 kb/d, as escalating trade tensions have negatively impacted the economic outlook. Growth is expected to slow further in 2026, to 690 kb/d, but…
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Energy Innovation
…analyses on energy innovation also provide crucial insights that equip the huge range of stakeholders in this space to make effective decisions and pursue ambitious goals – from academics and researchers to start-ups, established companies, investors, philanthropic organisations, policymakers and regulatory bodies.Our annual State of Energy Innovation report also provides a comprehensive, data-driven assessment of recent progress and emerging challenges in energy technology innovation. The IEA Technology Collaboration Programmes (TCP) are independent, international groups of experts that enable governments and industries from around the world to lead programmes and projects on a wide range of energy technologies and…
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How governments can best support consumers during this energy crisis
…gas and a range of energy-related commodities.As concerns over supply security have grown, prices have risen across several parts of the energy system, increasing pressure on household budgets, public finances and economic activity more broadly. In response, many governments have announced emergency measures to protect consumers from higher energy costs. The IEA has supported these efforts by launching its largest-ever release of emergency oil stocks, publishing a menu of demand-side measures that governments, businesses and households can take to shelter consumers from price pressures, and tracking the actions being taken through its new Energy Crisis Policy Response Tracker.So…
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Oil Market Report - April 2026
…refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Listen to the most recent episode of the Everything Energy podcast with senior oil market analysts Rebecca Schulz and David Martin, which draws on fresh data and analysis from the April OMR Highlights Oil demand is expected to contract by 80 kb/d this year, as the Iran war upends our global outlook. This is 730 kb/d less than in last month’s Report and a forecast 1.5 mb/d 2Q26 decline would be the sharpest since Covid-19 slashed fuel consumption. Initially, the…
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Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic has adopted a law on incentives for the development of renewable energy sources, which aims to increase the diversity of energy sources, reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and stimulate investment in renewable energy.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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