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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Regional insights
…monitoring, reporting and verification in that country’s mining sector.All of the region’s major energy producers have signed the Global Methane Pledge, except for Venezuela. Colombia is the only country with an explicit strategy for reducing methane emissions as well as regulations to limit emissions from oil and gas operations. These include explicit technology standards and restrictions on flaring and venting, as well as a requirement for biannual leak detection and repair (LDAR). Brazil is developing regulations to reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector, expected by 2026. In its updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), Chile…
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Efficient Grid-Interactive Buildings in India
…and variable supply could jeopardise grid stability and increase system costs. EGIBs offer an important solution for optimising electricity use, reducing peak demand and enhancing system flexibility.Applying a structured framework, this report assesses India’s policy landscape and opportunities across efficiency, decarbonisation, smartness, resilience, materials and building-to-grid interaction. It concludes with recommendations for a comprehensive policy package that encompasses regulations, incentives and information. Scaling up the adoption of efficient grid-interactive buildings would enable India to align its fast-growing building stock with national climate goals and international commitments while lowering system costs and enhancing energy security.
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Madagascar
Around a quarter of the population of Madagascar has access to electricity, and only 1.5% has access to clean cooking facilities. In 2019, Madagascar’s energy mix was dominated by biofuels and wastes (85%), with oil products (11%), coal and hydro accounting for the rest of the total energy supply. In 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking and 27% had access to electricity. The Government of Madagascar has set a target of reaching 70% electricity access rate by 2030.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![Madagascar Flag]()
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The next wave of LED lighting: Smarter, circular and more efficient
…average close to 100 lm/W – with some premium and professional LEDs exceeding 200 lm/W. Supported by strong policies and innovation, LEDs have become one of the biggest energy efficiency success stories of recent years, with long lifetimes and falling costs helping them dominate global markets. The efficiency gains have contributed to improved energy security, reduced energy bills and avoided higher emissions.Yet the global LED transformation is not over, and a second wave of deployment is now taking shape. Uptake remains uneven across regions, while demand for brighter spaces and illuminated infrastructure continues to rise around the world…
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Steel
Country and regional highlights
Near zero-emission projects advance fastest in Europe, with some progress for low-emissions facilities globally
CO2 emissions
The CO2 emission intensity of steel has been relatively stable in recent years, but needs to drop significantly to align with the NZE Scenario
Energy
A reduction in reliance on coal and an increase in electricity use are required to get on track with the NZE Scenario
Activity
Material efficiency strategies are required to balance demand growth
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Air transport fuels
Jet fuel demand accounts for around 7% of global oil demand. Jet fuel markets look to be particularly vulnerable to an extended loss of Middle East production and exports, given limited flexibility elsewhere to increase output. 8. Avoid air travel where alternative options exist Description: Travel for work accounts for a large share (between 20% and 40%) of aviation activity. In many cases, travel for work can be temporarily substituted by virtual meetings. A reduction of around 40% of flights taken for work purposes is feasible in the short term, while maintaining productivity.Impact: Very high voluntary participation to work…
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Prices: Trends in wholesale markets differ across regions
…the first half of the year in countries such as Germany, Netherlands and Spain – up from 4-5% in 2024. Germany saw an increase in wholesale electricity prices in H1 2025 (+37%), with average prices slightly below USD 100/MWh. In addition to the higher gas prices compared to 2024, the significant reduction in wind power generation due to less favourable weather conditions also contributed to the price rise. To meet demand, Germany had to rely more on gas- and coal-fired power generation, which put upward pressure on power prices. German futures contracts for 2026 indicate a similar price level…
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World Energy Outlook 2022 An updated roadmap to Net Zero Emissions by 2050
…2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. However, in the short time since then much has changed. The global economy has rebounded from the Covid-19 pandemic, and the first global energy crisis has seen world energy prices touching record levels in many markets, bringing energy security concerns to the fore.In 2021, emissions rose by a record 1.9 Gt to reach 36.6 Gt, driven by extraordinarily rapid post-pandemic economic growth, slow progress in improving energy intensity, and a surge in coal demand even as renewables capacity additions scaled record heights. Recent investment in fossil fuel infrastructure not…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Understanding methane emissions
…Mt and end-use equipment about 1 Mt. Oil operations accounted for around 44 Mt and natural gas activities for close to 34 Mt, while abandoned wells added a further 3.5 Mt. End-use equipment contributed an additional 2.5 Mt of methane leakage. Incomplete combustion of bioenergy – mainly from traditional biomass – generated about 18 Mt, with modern bioenergy adding another 2 Mt. The Global Methane Tracker documentation provides information on data uncertainties and the IEA’s methane estimation approaches. Around 80% of oil and gas emissions come from upstream activities Emissions from fossil fuels arise at multiple points along the supply chain. Some are intentional…
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Gas Market Report, Q3-2025 Executive summary
…subdued in Asia and declined in Eurasia.In Europe, natural gas consumption in the first half of 2025 increased by 6.5% y-o-y, primarily supported by the electricity sector amid lower power generation from wind and hydro. While this should not be interpreted as a structural trend, such episodes highlight the key role gas-fired power plants often play in ensuring electricity supply security in markets with higher shares of variable renewables. In North America, natural gas demand increased by an estimated 2.5% y-o-y. Growth was concentrated in the first quarter, when colder weather boosted gas use in…
