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Energy crisis threatens world’s most vulnerable as cooking fuel shortages grow
…wood, charcoal, kerosene and other harmful fuels since 2010. Today, 90% of Indonesian households rely on LPG for cooking, as do 80% of households in India. However, both countries are net importers of LPG, with Middle East producers supplying a significant share of their needs. In 2025, around two-thirds of the LPG consumed in India transited through the Strait of Hormuz. The effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz has caused an unprecedented cooking fuel crisis, with severe supply disruptions in Asia In March 2026, as shipping flows through the Strait of Hormuz plunged amid the Middle East conflict…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Regional insights
…by 2030 and by 25% by 2035. In the Announced Pledges Scenario, these emissions fall by about 45% by 2030 and by 60% by 2035, reflecting additional measures taken by countries and companies to deliver on existing pledges such as the World Bank Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 Initiative or the Global Methane Pledge, and near zero upstream methane targets set as part of the OGDC or the OGMP 2.0. In the NZE Scenario, fossil fuel methane emissions in the region fall by around 75% by 2030 and by 85% by 2035, with comprehensive action to deploy all methane…
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Affordability
Multiple benefits of Energy Efficiency 2025 Energy efficiency provides multiple benefits. This page explores affordability. Why is energy efficiency important for affordability? Energy efficiency measures can reduce energy bills for households, decrease energy poverty, and make access to energy services more affordable. Key facts Energy efficiency measures can reduce average household energy bills in advanced economies by up to one-third. In emerging economies, they can also improve access to energy services. For many products, such as refrigerators, highly efficient models use less than half of the energy of inefficient models. A best-in-class model can save up to…
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key issues affecting biogas and biomethane projects
…the digester to avoid emergency pressure releases of gas), covered storage of digestate, combustion of off-gases during biomethane upgrading to capture biogenic CO2, and use of leak and repair programmes to resolve issues quickly. Frameworks setting maximum GHG emissions intensities for biogases and fuels – such as the EU's Renewable Energy Directive (RED) and California's Low-Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) – are a step forward in ensuring that biogases have a net positive impact in terms of emissions. The structure of these policies can also shape producer choices. For instance, crediting avoided manure by using it as a biogas…
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Energy and AI Energy demand from AI
What is a data centre? Artificial intelligence (AI) model training and deployment occur mainly in data centres. Understanding the role of data centres as actors in the energy system first requires an understanding of their component parts. Data centres are facilities used to house servers, storage systems, networking equipment and associated components that are installed in racks and organised into rows. This IT equipment, and a range of auxiliary equipment required to keep it in working order, comprise the following:Servers are computers that process and store data. They can be equipped with central processing units (CPUs) and specialised accelerators…
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Sudan
Most of Sudan’s electricity generation comes from hydropower, and more than half of the Eastern African region’s total oil-based capacity is located in the country. Sudan is also contemplating scaling up projects on solar power in the coming years.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Austria 2026
Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Austria and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…
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Energy Efficiency 2024 What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?
…In the NZE Scenario, energy efficiency investments in advanced economies almost double by 2030, while in China and other EMDEs, investments grow four to seven times, compared to today. Due to the rapid rate of urbanisation in most developing economies and the need to construct highly efficient zero-carbon-ready buildings, the investment seen in the buildings sector stands out in the NZE Scenario. A sixfold increase in spending is seen in China and even higher increases in other EMDEs. While industry is one of the most difficult sectors to decarbonise, its funding often yields the best results. Key actions include…
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Energy Technology Perspectives 2026
The 2026 edition of Energy Technology Perspectives is published against the backdrop of a fast-changing policy and technology landscape. Governments are working to establish secure and resilient supply chains for clean energy technologies while advancing key energy policy goals such as energy security, affordability and economic competitiveness, as well as climate and other environmental goals. In a landscape that is constantly evolving, this report aims to deliver timely insights into the status and outlook of technology deployment, manufacturing, project pipelines, investments, and trade of different energy technologies and materials. The aim is to provide useful analysis that can inform…
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Renewables
…utilisation of all renewable energy technologies. Policy makers should focus on implementing long-term plans for whole-economy decarbonisation and implement incentives reflecting the requirements of all economic sectors.
Shift policy to competitive auctions
Policy instruments used to support renewable power include administratively set feed-in tariffs or premiums, renewable portfolio standards, quotas and tradeable green certificate schemes, net metering, tax rebates and capital grants. Recently, auctions for the centralised competitive procurement of renewables have become increasingly widespread and have been instrumental in discovering renewable energy prices and containing policy costs in many countries, especially for solar PV and…
