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Compulsory Stockholding of Imported Fuels
The Act aims to set up storage obligations of coal, crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas in order to ensure the country's security of supply. Importers shall store quantities of crude oil or of fuel products corresponding to two months of average net imports in the previous year. Alongside these commercial stocks, Finland also maintains government stocks. The Act was last amended in 2023.
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Just transition case study for India
…be associated with an end to coal mining. The case study examines not only the transition from coal to renewables, but also the distributional impacts of the shift and social inclusion dimensions through a just transition framework. The report’s recommendations include: pursuing complex system modelling to better determine distributional impacts; develop local platforms to empower marginalised stakeholders; establish partnerships across national and state governments toward just transitions; undertake regional planning to identify priority areas for just transition efforts; develop detailed economic diversification plans; identify and secure budgeting requirements for both clean energy projects and support measures for coal areas…
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Rules of the State Inspectorate of the Republic of Uzbekistan on supervision of safe work in industry, mining and the domestic sector
These rules establish general requirements for safe work in coal mines. They address risk management and pose requirements for the use of certain equipment, materials and technologies. Mine workers are to be provided with personal protective equipment and trained for labor safety.The rules establish requirements for mine ventilation and safety. In gas hazardous coal mines, automatic power cut-off systems are to be installed for methane concentrations of 1.3% (62). When exploring mines, the formation of voids behind the lining of the working is not to be allowed. In case of formation of voids, these must be filled…
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FutureGen
…The restructured approach will focus on separating carbon dioxide for CCS, and does not include hydrogen production. The project will support the continuation of an advanced coal gasification-based CCS project through the completion of final detailed design, construction and shakedown testing, start-up and full scale operations and CO2 storage and post-injection site monitoring. Start-up of the FutureGen facility is expected to begin in November 2014. The FutureGen Alliance leads the FutureGen project. The Alliance is a public-private partnership to design, build, and operate the first commercial coal-fueled, near-zero emissions power plant. The Alliance…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Anatomy of a natural gas crisis
Sudden and drastic reduction in Russian pipeline gas deliveries to Europe In the run-up to the gas supply shock, Russian natural gas (pipeline and LNG combined) accounted for a growing share of European gas supply. Prior to 2010, Russian supply made up a relatively steady 30% of the European Union’s gas supply. However, the combination of plateauing demand and rapid decline in EU domestic production, which started in the early 2010s (linked to the decision to phase out the historical Groningen gas field in the Netherlands), led to growing dependency on gas imports across the European Union. The…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in the electric car industry
Manufacturing and trade Steady growth in global electric car production masks differences at the regional level A total 17.3 million electric cars were produced worldwide in 2024, about one-quarter more than in 2023, largely as a result of increased production in China, which reached 12.4 million electric cars. China remains the world’s electric car manufacturing hub, accounting for more than 70% of global production in 2024. Production in China has been increasingly shaped by the expansion of domestic manufacturers. In 2024, Chinese OEMs accounted for more than 80% of domestic production, up from roughly two-thirds in 2021…
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 5. Silk Road fund commitment in African Infrastructure Investment Fund IV
Project overview and impact Africa’s energy sector faces a persistent investment shortfall, with annual clean energy spending needing to grow more than six times by 2035 to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Equity funds have become an important channel for mobilising capital into markets where project-level financing remains constrained by high costs of capital, currency risk and a shortage of scalable, investable project structures. Against this backdrop, the Silk Road Fund (SRF) committed USD 50 million to the African Infrastructure Investment Fund IV (AIIF4) in 2023. The AIIF4 is a pan-African infrastructure fund managed by African…
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COP28 Tripling Renewable Capacity Pledge 2025: Update Key Findings
New Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) show limited reflection of the pledge to triple global renewable capacity by 2030 agreed at COP28 Between COP28 and the end of COP30, only about two-thirds of NDCs have been updated (128) and fewer than half of these (53) explicitly reference the global tripling goal. Even fewer (32) contain quantifiable renewable capacity ambitions for 2030. NDCs continue to under-represent current government ambitions for installed renewable capacity by 2030 The NDC 3.0 round does not fully capture countries’ 2030 renewable capacity ambitions in all submitted NDCs. Including 2030 ambitions from previous NDC cycles, total…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Global car industry manufacturing clusters
Regions with strong car industries tend to operate as clusters in which supplier factories are located alongside those of parts manufacturers and material producers. This is because close co-ordination between automakers and a wide network of specialised suppliers is essential to keep costs low. Such production ecosystems also facilitate the rapid exchange of complex, often tacit, knowledge, especially during vehicle development phases where design, engineering and manufacturing decisions must be tightly aligned. This interactive map shows global data on car assembly location, as well as more detailed regional automotive clusters.
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Integral Knowledge and Innovation Agenda (IKIA)
As part of the Climate Agreement and the coalition agreement, the policy framework for innovations has changed towards mission-oriented innovation programmes. In the Integral Knowledge and Innovation Agenda (IKIA) which was set in 2019, five missions are formulated that contribute to a deep emission reduction of greenhouse gases by 2050. The missions for 2050 are a CO2 -emission free electricity generation, buildings and transport, climate neutral industry and agriculture/nature. For 2030, intermediate targets are formulated for each mission. The knowledge and innovation needs for attaining these targets is formulated in 13 innovation programmes. These programmes will serve as…