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World Energy Investment 2025 Executive summary
…on oil and gas imports and exert leadership in new technology areas; Europe’s push to accelerate spending on renewables and efficiency gains after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the consequent cut to pipeline gas deliveries; and a pick-up in spending on solar in India. Another 20% of the increase came from the United States, where supportive policies were motivated in part by the desire to challenge China’s position in emerging clean technology supply chains. Emissions reductions provide a powerful reason to invest, but are often not the primary driver for investment in technologies that…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Executive summary
Southeast Asia is a very dynamic region that is set to be a major driver of global energy demand growth, but the Middle East conflict has provided a stark wake-up call for the region’s energy system. Southeast Asia accounts for 9% of the world’s population and 4% of its GDP, but nearly 20% of global energy demand growth to 2035 under today’s policy settings. The disruption in global fuel markets has exposed deep structural vulnerabilities linked to import dependence, limited diversification and concentrated supply routes. Before the crisis, around 60% of Southeast Asia’s imports of…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Key questions about hydrogen
How has the conflict in the Middle East affected supplies of fertilisers and chemicals made from hydrogen? The conflict in the Middle East has disrupted not only oil and gas flows, but also global supply chains for hydrogen‑based products, particularly fertilisers and chemicals such as ammonia, urea and methanol. These products account for a large share of hydrogen demand, with ammonia and methanol alone representing roughly half of global consumption.The Middle East plays a critical role in global markets for hydrogen-based products, and a large share of its production is dedicated to exports, making the region a major…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Power
State of the transition Emissions Global emissions from electricity generation rose by 1.2% in 2024 to around 13.9 Gt of CO2, following an increase of 1.6% in 2023.The global emissions intensity of electricity generation is on a contracting trend, with a record 3% reduction in 2024 compared to 1% in 2023. This improvement reflects the rapid growth in renewable energy and nuclear electricity production relative to rising demand. Cost On an levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) basis, renewables remained the most cost-competitive option for new electricity generation in 2024.Onshore wind remained the most affordable…
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- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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Renewables in District Energy Regional trends in district heating
Regional trends in district heating
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Mette Frederiksen
Prime Minister.
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Energy Efficiency 2025 Executive summary
…of stronger progress compared to their average since 2019. For example, energy intensity progress in 2025 is estimated to be over 3% in the People’s Republic of China (hereafter “China”) and over 4% in India, well above their averages in the years since 2019. In the United States and the European Union (EU), on the other hand, progress in 2025 is set to fall to under 1% after several years of stronger performance following the energy crisis.The world remains off track to achieve its COP28 ambition for 2030. In 2023, nearly 200 governments agreed at COP28 in Dubai…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Trade and infrastructure
Highlights Trade is a major driver of project announcements. Nearly 45% of low-emissions hydrogen from announced production projects is intended for export, exceeding 16 Mtpa H₂-eq by 2030 if all materialise. Yet export-oriented projects are less likely to reach the investment stage, with only 5% having done so. These projects tend to be large scale, lacking off-takers. More than half are in emerging and developing economies, where affordable capital and export infrastructure may be limited.Some governments are supporting the large-scale offtake of low-emissions hydrogen by providing funds for long-term premiums through competitive auctions. However…
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Pledges to Progress 2025 Summary of results
The Turning Pledges into Progress framework contains a total of 25 metrics in three categories: 1) target setting (“Targets”), 2) strategies for implementation (“Strategies”), and 3) disclosure and reporting (“Disclosure”). Target setting comprises six metrics related to emissions reductions and investment in clean energy. All the signatories to the Oil and Gas Decarbonization Charter (OGDC) are assumed to have the aim of achieving these targets. Strategies for implementation comprise eight metrics that describe steps companies can take to achieve these targets; and disclosure and reporting comprises 11 metrics allowing stakeholders to assess how companies publicly report information relevant to achieving the OGDC goals…
