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Renewables 2022 Renewable electricity
…policies in key markets, partly in response to the current energy crisis. This 85% acceleration on the last five years’ expansion rate results primarily from two factors. First, high fossil fuel and electricity prices resulting from the global energy crisis have made renewable power technologies much more economically attractive, and second, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has caused fossil fuel importers, especially in Europe, to increasingly value the energy security benefits of renewable energy. This year’s forecast has been revised upwards by almost 30% from last year’s despite energy market turbulence, mainly because China, Europe, the United States…
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Financing Clean Energy in Africa Executive summary
…on clean energy. In recent years, African countries have had to deal with a series of overlapping crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic, the energy and food crises following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and worsening climate risks. Borrowing costs have reached unsustainable levels in multiple countries, and debt servicing costs are now double the level of clean energy investment across the continent. Achieving the region’s energy development and climate goals requires energy investment to more than double from today’s USD 90 billion by 2030, at which point nearly two-thirds of spending would go to clean energy. Energy investment…
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Sustainable Transport for Georgia: A Roadmap Transport in Georgia: Taking stock
…Between 2010 and 2022, transport’s contribution to GDP nearly tripled, increasing from 1.4 billion GEL (520 million USD) to 4.1 billion GEL (1.52 billion USD). In 2023, transport and storage combined contributed 6.5% to Georgia’s GDP.Transport and storage employed around 8% of Georgia’s workforce in 2023. Cargo movements spurred by Russia’s 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine pushed up sector wages by more than 25%, above the national average, despite an 8.5% drop in employment from broader labour market shifts. Overall, Georgia’s strategic location, infrastructure upgrades and participation in…
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Energy System Resilience Executive summary
…costly, time-intensive repairs. The measures Ukraine has taken to enhance energy system resilience under these extreme conditions – in many cases improvised, rather than the result of long-term planning – can provide broader lessons.Since January 2026, Ukraine has faced a severe convergence of threats, creating a catastrophic humanitarian and energy crisis. Russian missile and drone strikes on electricity and gas infrastructure have intensified, and their impact has been compounded by one of the harshest winters in recent years. The power system has been hit especially hard. Ukrainian households have endured severe blackouts, with some areas – including the capital, Kyiv…
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Household Energy Affordability Executive summary
…continues to be a key priority for governments as energy bills remain elevated Household energy bills globally have come down from the peaks seen during the global energy crisis in 2022, but on average they were still around 4% higher in real terms in 2024 than they were in 2019. Household energy bills soared in many parts of the world as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which introduced a period of extreme volatility and a sharp run-up in prices. At the peak of the crisis in 2022…
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Biogas and biomethane outlook to 2050
…for biogases is very different now compared to our last Outlook in 2020, with total demand 32% higher in 2040 in the STEPS than in the New Policies Scenario at the time. Whereas natural gas prices in 2020 were at record lows, the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 triggered interest in developing biomethane to substitute imported natural gas. The revised figure is driven in part by strengthened policy incentives, notably in Europe and China. There is a strong continued use case for biogases in the Outlook scenarios. Electricity's share in total final consumption increases from 20% in 2023…
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World Energy Investment 2025 European Union
…of Ukraine in 2022, subsequent favourable policy incentives and the declining cost of renewable technologies. In 2024 renewables generated 50% of electricity used in the EU, while fossil fuels accounted for just over 25% (nearly half what their share was a decade ago), bringing the investment ratio of renewable generation to unabated fossil fuel power to 35:1, from 6:1 ten years ago. Moreover, investment in buildings energy efficiency has nearly doubled over the past decade to USD 100 billion, and the region is a leader in sustainable debt issuance for green buildings.The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine sharply…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Eurasia
…was almost USD 190 billion in 2015, but has since followed a downward trend, reaching its lowest point in the past decade, around USD 135 billion, in 2022. Declining costs for oil and gas supply partly explain this trend, but it has been exacerbated by the decline in Russian spending after its full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the loss of most of its European export markets. However, investment has picked up in other markets, notably in Kazakhstan with the launch of the USD 48 billion expansion of the Tengiz oilfield, Central Asia’s largest oilfield, which is operated by Tengizchevroil. Investment in 2025 reaches a…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Anatomy of a natural gas crisis
…the Netherlands), led to growing dependency on gas imports across the European Union. The Russian share of the European Union’s gas supply grew from close to 30% in 2010 to over 45% by 2019 – a significant concentration in gas supply for the bloc.This increased supply concentration and reliance on Russian gas occurred against a particular geopolitical backdrop: Previous breaches in energy security, including the temporary interruptions of Russian pipeline gas supply to Ukraine in both 2006 and 2009, had downstream implications for EU energy security, prompting EU legislation on supply security and gas market liberalisation. The unravelling of…
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Renewables 2025 Biogases
…has increased significantly in the past five years Since 2020, more than 50 new policies have been introduced around the world, as more countries recognise the potential role of biogas and biomethane in the transition to sustainable energy systems. Several key factors are driving this surge. First is the growing importance of energy security following the energy crisis triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and recent geopolitical developments. Second is the need to accelerate decarbonisation in hard-to-abate sectors, together with growing emphasis on methane emissions reductions. Third, countries are paying more attention to the circular economy concept…
