-
National Climate Resilience Assessment for Algeria
…steep declines in precipitation, increasing risks for droughts and wildfires. Droughts amplify water stress of critical energy infrastructure, and wildfires threaten electricity networks, power plants, and oil and gas operations. According to the Algerian General Directorate of Forests, about 3 000 fire outbreaks were recorded annually over the period 2010‑2019, burning nearly 310 km2 a year. At the same time, Algeria’s desert regions could see an increase in extreme precipitation events, flash floods and riverbed overflows in a high-emissions scenario which poses a risk to hydrocarbon extraction, refining activities and other energy infrastructure. Over the past 15 years, the Algerian government…
-
Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Five key questions about hydrogen
…particularly in steel, shipping, and aviation applications.While challenges remain – including high production costs, demand and regulatory uncertainty, and infrastructure gaps – the positive developments significantly outweigh the setbacks. This is an encouraging sign for a sector that can play an important role in meeting government commitments to address climate change and strengthen energy security, at a moment when geopolitical tensions are rising. How can low-emissions hydrogen demand take off? While investment in low-emissions hydrogen production is gaining momentum, uncertain demand continues to pose a critical challenge to the industry's viability. Cumulative firm offtake agreements account for less…
-
Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Transport
…the benefits of choosing more efficient vehicles, while also increasing transparency about real-world fuel use. Another information tool is to promote fuel-efficient driving through training programmes.Incentives such as electric vehicle subsidies can drive the market towards more efficient and less polluting vehicles. Government support for EV purchases can be transitional and evolve with the development of the technology and markets. As the technology matures and EV prices become more competitive with their conventional counterparts, subsidies can be adapted and redirected in order to increase access to vehicles and improve their affordability, targeting groups where adoption is slower…
-
Global EV Outlook 2026 Executive summary
…emerging markets saw steep increases in electric car sales. In Southeast Asia, annual sales more than doubled to reach a sales share of nearly 20%, led by Viet Nam, Indonesia and Thailand. In Latin America, sales grew by 75%, led by Brazil and Mexico. More than 100 countries recorded electric car sales growth in 2025, and in one-third of these, they represented at least 10% of new car sales. Chinese automakers supplied 60% of global electric car sales in 2025, while European and North American automakers were each responsible for about 15% of global sales. The ongoing energy…
-
Transport
Plan for compact urban development with improved public transport and infrastructure for micromobility and active travel
More than half of the world’s population lives in cities. With urbanisation on the rise, urban governance should encompass transport strategies that can induce modal shift towards low-emission transport in order to get in step with the NZE Scenario. The resurgence in active modes of transport during and following the pandemic has provided governments with a policy window to improve and expand infrastructure (e.g. bicycle lanes and car-free zones) and make road re-allocation measures permanent. Transit-oriented development that…
-
China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 5. Silk Road fund commitment in African Infrastructure Investment Fund IV
…into markets where project-level financing remains constrained by high costs of capital, currency risk and a shortage of scalable, investable project structures. Against this backdrop, the Silk Road Fund (SRF) committed USD 50 million to the African Infrastructure Investment Fund IV (AIIF4) in 2023. The AIIF4 is a pan-African infrastructure fund managed by African Infrastructure Investment Managers (AIIM). It focuses on sustainable infrastructure and targets 75% of committed capital to be invested in Paris-aligned assets, while 20% is reserved for climate-related transactions through a dedicated climate-focused vehicle.The AIIF4 invests across a portfolio of energy…
-
Demand and Supply Measures for the Steel and Cement Transition Executive summary
…production and use of these materials to grow from essentially zero today to capture nearly the entire market within the next few decades, shifting away from high-emissions conventional production and demand. The steel and cement sectors account for 14% of global energy and process-related emissions on a direct basis, making them central to the decarbonisation challenge. First mover producers of near-zero emissions materials are beginning to position themselves to compete in such markets, including through the development of definitions, certification and labelling systems for near-zero emissions steel and cement – in some cases through collaboration with government –…
-
Lebanon
The government of Lebanon launched the "National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action" in 2010 a mechanism dedicated to the financing of green energy projects in the country. Private sector entities can apply for subsidised loans for any type of environmentally friendly projects.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
-
+ 5 pages
![Lebanon Flag]()
-
Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Executive summary
…4% of its GDP, but nearly 20% of global energy demand growth to 2035 under today’s policy settings. The disruption in global fuel markets has exposed deep structural vulnerabilities linked to import dependence, limited diversification and concentrated supply routes. Before the crisis, around 60% of Southeast Asia’s imports of crude oil and a third of its imports of gas were coming from the Middle East, while 45% of its oil product supply were dependent on Middle Eastern crude. The resulting price shock is already feeding through to higher energy bills, inflation and mounting economic risk. The crisis is…
-
Rare Earth Elements Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
