-
Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Demand: Global electricity use to grow strongly in 2025 and 2026
Global electricity demand is forecast to increase by an average annual 3.3% in 2025 and by 3.7% in 2026, a moderation from 4.4% in 2024 but still some of the highest growth rates observed over the last decade. This is a slight downward revision from our previous forecast in February 2025 of 4% growth for this year and 3.8% in 2026. The change is partly due to the IMF's downgrade of the global GDP growth outlook compared with its January 2025 update amid elevated uncertainty surrounding trade tariffs and economic prospects. Despite these downside risks…
-
Gas Market Report, Q2-2025 Executive summary
…market update. In contrast with previous years, this relatively strong growth was largely driven by Europe and North America. In Europe, gas consumption increased by nearly 10% y-o-y as lower renewable electricity output supported higher gas burn in the power sector. Periods of low wind power generation highlighted the key role gas-fired power plants can play in ensuring electricity supply security in energy markets increasingly dominated by variable renewables. In North America, a colder winter pushed natural gas consumption to an all-time high, with demand growth largely supported by stronger gas use in buildings. In contrast…
-
Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in the electric car industry
Manufacturing and trade Steady growth in global electric car production masks differences at the regional level A total 17.3 million electric cars were produced worldwide in 2024, about one-quarter more than in 2023, largely as a result of increased production in China, which reached 12.4 million electric cars. China remains the world’s electric car manufacturing hub, accounting for more than 70% of global production in 2024. Production in China has been increasingly shaped by the expansion of domestic manufacturers. In 2024, Chinese OEMs accounted for more than 80% of domestic production, up from roughly two-thirds in 2021…
-
Energy and AI AI and energy security
The nexus between energy and AI has implications for energy security. There are at least two broad dimensions to this relationship. The first arises from the impact of AI on energy security. AI can be – and indeed already is being – applied to address specific challenges relating to energy security concerns. At the same time, greater digitalisation and connectivity in the energy sector – which enable the use of AI – can create new energy security challenges. The second dimension arises from the need to mitigate energy sector-related supply chain risks, which have implications for the scaling up of data centres to meet…
-
Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Executive summary
…of methanol trade, and one-third of its refining capacity is export-oriented. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has severely disrupted the supply of all these products. Port infrastructure outside the Persian Gulf has also been hit by attacks, further limiting export capabilities. The production of hydrogen-based fuels outside the Middle East has been affected, particularly in Asia, where countries are very dependent on natural gas imports from the Middle East – one-quarter of ammonia production in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan uses natural gas imported from the region. As a consequence of these disruptions, global markets for…
-
Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Trade
Global coal trade reached an all-time high in 2024 Global coal trade reached a new all-time high in 2024, with total volumes estimated to be 1.55 Bt, surpassing the 1.5 Bt mark for the first time. Thermal coal trade rose by 28 Mt to reach 1 180 Mt. This growth was primarily driven by strong import demand in Asia, especially from China. The country experienced growth in imports, with coal imports reaching new highs. Imports increased by 14% up to 548 Mt, resulting in total annual imports surpassing 500 Mt for the first time. This volume is more than…
-
Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Introduction
…the post-crisis gas market paradigm has started to emerge, making it possible to draw lessons from the most acute phase of the crisis that can be transposed from one region or market to another, or that can be achieved through collective action across the wider gas market. While gas dependency can be reduced by accelerating the deployment of renewable power generation technologies and electrification of end-uses, the focus of this report is on gas markets. In conjunction with countries’ long-term energy and decarbonisation objectives, these lessons will be key in enhancing preparedness for future gas market crises…
-
Global Energy Review 2025 Natural gas
…lower diesel demand there. The use of LNG as a bunkering fuel is also expected to increase amid more stringent emissions regulations for shipping. Gas demand grew across regions Natural gas demand in emerging market and developing economies in Asia expanded by around 6% in 2024, accounting for nearly 40% of incremental global gas demand. This strong increase was primarily driven by China and India. Both gas markets displayed high growth rates, supported by relatively low LNG prices during the first half of the year and widespread heatwaves in the second and third quarter of 2024. China’s natural gas…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
-
+ 3 pages
-
Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit: Case studies
The following case studies demonstrate how different countries have successfully implemented energy efficiency policies across various sectors. These real-world examples are designed to support policymakers by offering practical insights into what works, under which conditions, and why.Each case study highlights specific policy instruments—such as regulations, information campaigns, or financial incentives—and shows how they have been applied in different contexts. They provide evidence on the outcomes achieved, lessons learned, and the challenges encountered during implementation. Readers are encouraged to explore the case studies by sector, policy type, or geographic region using the filters provided. Case studies bridge…
-
Global Energy Review 2026 Natural gas
…resulted in higher space heating needs across the residential and services sectors.Global gas demand in the power sector grew by less than 1% in 2025. In the United States, higher natural gas prices supported gas-to-coal switching for electricity generation. In the Asia Pacific region, high spot LNG prices in the first half of the year, together with continued renewables growth and improving nuclear availability, slowed growth in gas use for power. In contrast, in the European Union, gas-to-power demand grew strongly amid higher electricity consumption and lower power output from wind and hydro. In Brazil…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
-
+ 9 pages
