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Global Energy Review 2026 Key findings
…slower rate than in 2024. Low-emissions sources combined – solar, wind, nuclear, hydropower and other renewables – contributed nearly 60% of the growth in global demand.Demand growth in the United States rose to its second highest level since 2000, excluding post-recession rebound years, boosted by strong electricity demand from data centres, robust industrial growth and colder temperatures. The People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”) accounted for the largest overall share of global energy demand growth, but at 1.7% its growth rate slowed sharply due to the rapid growth of renewables and efficiency improvements.Demand for electricity grew…
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- Global trends
- Oil
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+ 9 pages
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settings
…source of highly localised demand: Southeast Asia already accounts for around 10% of data centre electricity demand in the Asia Pacific region. Coal remains the largest single source of generation, but low-emissions sources gain ground, especially in the STEPS. Gas use in the power sector rises, with annual output increasing by more than 1.5-fold in both scenarios to around 600 TWh by 2035. In the STEPS, renewables and nuclear together provide just over half of total generation by 2050, compared with 43% in the CPS. Solar PV generation rises from 44 TWh in 2024 to almost 200…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Stated Policies Scenario
…in aggregate meet all additional global energy demand as they provide increasing amounts of generation in a rapidly expanding power sector. The renewables share in electricity generation rises from one-third today to over half by 2035 and two-thirds by 2050, led by solar and wind power with support from batteries. Grid upgrades and dispatchable sources are critical to maintain security. Nuclear output grows 40% to 2035, maintaining a 9% share of electricity generation. The world moves firmly into the Age of Electricity in the STEPS, with electricity use rising four-times faster than overall energy demand to 2035…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Key findings
…electricity demand surged by 4.3%, well above the 3.2% growth in global GDP, driven by record temperatures, electrification and digitalisation. Renewables accounted for the largest share of the growth in global energy supply (38%), followed by natural gas (28%), coal (15%), oil (11%) and nuclear (8%).Emerging and developing economies accounted for over 80% of global energy demand growth. In China, growth in energy demand slowed to under 3% in 2024, half the rate in 2023 and well below China’s average annual growth of 4.3% in recent years. Nevertheless, China still saw the largest demand growth…
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+ 3 pages
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Outlook for energy demand
…are adjusting their patterns of energy use in response to high prices and, in some cases, emergency demand reduction campaigns. Policy responses vary, but in many instances they include determined efforts to accelerate clean energy investment. This means an even stronger push for renewables in the power sector and faster electrification of industrial processes, vehicles and heating. As many of the solutions to the current crisis coincide with those needed to meet global climate goals, the crisis may end up being seen in retrospect as marking a critical turning point in the drive for both energy security and emissions reductions…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Global trends
…China’s momentum slowed China accounted for the largest share of global energy demand growth in 2025, as in 2024. However, this fact masks a sharp slowdown in its rate of growth, which at 1.7% was substantially slower than GDP and much lower than the annual increase seen a year earlier (2.7%). Sharp growth in renewables in electricity generation in China helped to push down coal consumption, with the knock-on effect of improving primary energy intensity.The United States saw a notable acceleration in its energy demand growth, with demand increasing by more than 2% in 2025…
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+ 9 pages
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The State of Energy Innovation 2025 Executive summary
…of progress and challenges in energy technology innovation. It follows the IEA’s first Energy Innovation Forum, which took place in 2024 alongside the IEA Ministerial. It is designed to inform the global energy innovation agenda at a time when energy innovation is increasingly at the core of countries’ competitiveness, security and resilience strategies, as well as those for addressing climate change. It is also a moment when uncertainties and emerging weaknesses could slow progress if not addressed. In addition to analysis of available data, the report draws on a dataset of over 150 energy innovation highlights from the past…
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Demand: Global electricity use to grow strongly in 2025 and 2026
…economic prospects. Despite these downside risks, strong demand increases from industries, air conditioning (AC) and data centres, as well as significant strides in electrification, are expected to support growth in electricity use through 2026. Electricity demand is set to rise more than twice as fast as total energy demand over the forecast period. Overall, global electricity consumption will reach a new high of over 29 000 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2026.Following strong surges in electricity demand in 2024 driven by intense heatwaves and strong economic activity in the industrial and services sectors, the People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China…
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Ensuring a Strong Labour Dimension for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
…services across many areas of the energy sector. To give a greater voice to the labour perspective in energy and climate policy discussions, the IEA Executive Director, Dr. Fatih Birol, convened the Clean Energy Labour Council in 2022. The Labour Council brings together representatives of the world’s most important national trade unions and trade union confederations, as well as prominent thinkers on the topic, to foster engagement between the IEA, energy policy makers, and the labour movement.The IEA Clean Energy Labour Council presents this paper to highlight the importance of a strong labour dimension in clean energy transitions…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Oil
…2024, with consumption rising by 0.8% (1.5 EJ or 830 kb/d) to 193 EJ after jumping by 1.9% in 2023. This reflected the end of the post-pandemic mobility rebound, slower industrial growth and the increasing impact of electric vehicles. This 0.8% increase in demand – below the pre-pandemic growth rate of over 1% in the decade to 2019 – was closely in line with the IEA’s first forecast for 2024 set out in June 2023, which noted that structural macroeconomic trends would reassert themselves as Covid pandemic effects eased. Oil’s share of total energy…
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+ 3 pages