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COP28 Tripling Renewable Capacity Pledge 2025: Update
Tracking countries’ ambitions COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes Nearly 200 countries made major collective pledges on energy at the COP28 climate summit in Dubai with the aim of keeping the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C within reach. For the first time, governments set key goals to help meet this objective, including tripling global renewable electricity capacity by the end of this decade. In June 2024, the IEA published COP28 Tripling Renewable Capacity Pledge: Tracking countries’ ambitions and identifying policies to bridge the gap, which provided a global stocktake of renewable capacity plans to assess…
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Accelerating Renewables Growth in ASEAN
…Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have adopted net zero emissions targets, and recent national energy plans outline substantially higher ambitions for renewable capacity. Achieving these goals will require timely, sustained and strongly co-ordinated policy action to unlock the scale of renewable energy deployment needed by 2030 and beyond.This report examines the key challenges hindering a faster capacity deployment of renewable power in ASEAN and outlines potential policy solutions informed by successful international experience. It also provides an assessment of renewable-energy auction design options, an increasingly important procurement mechanism that is expected to account for around 60…
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Renewables for Industry
…with increasing deployment of renewable electricity supply, can deliver multiple benefits. In addition to reducing fossil fuel use and associated emissions, it can improve energy security by lowering exposure to volatile gas and oil prices and, when integrated with thermal storage, it can create demand flexibility that helps ensure a higher share of variable renewable generation.This report explores how to expand the role of renewables in the industrial energy mix through electrification of low-temperature heat and steam. It focuses on the European Union, China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), examining their techno-economic potential and…
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Energy Efficiency 2025
Market Report Energy Efficiency 2025 is the IEA’s primary annual analysis on global energy efficiency developments, showing recent trends in energy intensity and demand, investment, employment and policy. The report provides sector-specific analysis on industry, buildings, appliances and transport and explores system-wide themes such as emissions reductions, energy security, affordability and competitiveness. This report is launched in parallel with an update to the IEA Energy Efficiency Progress Tracker, which can be accessed through the IEA website.
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Land-Use Competition between Biodiversity and Net Zero Goals
…solar PV and onshore wind power by 2030, and 2 million km² by 2050. In parallel, the IEA estimates that demand for key energy transition minerals – cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium, nickel and rare earth elements (REEs) – is projected to increase at least fivefold by 2030, requiring more land for mining and processing these minerals. At the same time, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aims to protect 30% of the world's land by 2030, requiring an additional 20 million km² of land – an area slightly larger than South America – to be set aside for conservation.The IEA Renewable Energy and Land-Use Model…
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Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2025
Northwest Europe is at the forefront of low-emissions hydrogen development. This region accounts for around 40% of Europe’s total hydrogen demand, and it has vast and untapped renewable energy and carbon storage potential in the North Sea. It also has a well-developed, interconnected gas network that could be partially repurposed to facilitate the transmission and distribution of low-emissions hydrogen from production sites to demand centres.The development of the low-emissions hydrogen market in Northwest Europe could gradually scale up in the short- to medium-term. Northwest European countries now have ambition to develop up to…
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Grid investments
…years to build on average, depending on technology, or over a decade for nuclear. Key analysis IEA analysis of nine major regions shows that increasing electricity generation and grid capacity by one terawatt-hour (TWh), will require investments of USD 30 to 110 million in emerging economies and USD 75 to 150 million in advanced economies. In order to save the same amount of electricity, energy efficiency measures would cost only between USD 10 million and 50 million. A closer look at grid management The deployment of energy efficiency measures typically requires less time than the implementation of most new generation and grid infrastructure. On average…
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Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2024
Annual report 2024 The Clean Energy Transitions Programme (CETP) is the International Energy Agency’s flagship initiative for accelerating clean energy transitions worldwide. Since its inception in 2017, the CETP has played a vital role in tackling the diverse challenges of energy transitions across the globe, fostering partnerships and providing tailored, actionable solutions. The programme is structured around three key pillars: directly supporting national transitions; strengthening multilateral co‑ordination; and delivering global analysis to inform policy dialogue.With significant milestones achieved in 2024, the CETP has supported over 320 high‑level meetings with policy makers, conducted 735 workshops and technical exchanges with…
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Global Energy Review 2025
…demand for electricity rising almost twice as fast as wider energy demand due to higher demand for cooling, rising consumption by industry, the electrification of transport and the growth of data centres and artificial intelligence. Nearly all of the rise in electricity demand was met by low-emissions sources, led by the record-breaking expansion of solar PV capacity, with further growth in other renewables and nuclear power. Gas demand also picked up substantially, while oil and coal consumption increased more slowly than in 2023.CO2 emissions from the energy sector continued to increase in 2024 but at a slower…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025
Despite a slowdown in global economic growth prospects, the world’s electricity consumption increased strongly in the first half of 2025, driven by rising demand from industry, appliances, cooling, data centres and electrification. At the same time, electricity supply from renewables, natural gas and nuclear continues to grow, with all set to reach new milestones.This mid-year update follows the extensive Electricity 2025 report released in February, examining the latest trends and the outlook for the remainder of the year. It includes updated data for 2024 along with new forecasts for 2025 and 2026 covering areas such as global…
