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Global Energy Review 2025 Oil
Oil demand growth loses momentum Growth in global oil demand slowed markedly in 2024, with consumption rising by 0.8% (1.5 EJ or 830 kb/d) to 193 EJ after jumping by 1.9% in 2023. This reflected the end of the post-pandemic mobility rebound, slower industrial growth and the increasing impact of electric vehicles. This 0.8% increase in demand – below the pre-pandemic growth rate of over 1% in the decade to 2019 – was closely in line with the IEA’s first forecast for 2024 set out in June 2023, which noted that structural macroeconomic trends would…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Kadri Simson
EU Commissioner for Energy.
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Dymphna van der Lans
Chief Executive Officer, Clean Cooking Alliance. Dymphna van der Lans is the Chief Executive Officer of the Clean Cooking Alliance (CCA). Dymphna brings more than 25 years of experience managing and leading global development, energy, and climate initiatives in the nonprofit and private sectors. Most recently, she led international corporate engagement with the World Wildlife Fund’s Climate & Energy team. Previously, she worked with the Clinton Foundation as CEO of the Clinton Climate Initiative and has served as the senior director for public policy programs at the German Marshall Fund of the United States. Dymphna has also served as the director of global renewables, infrastructure, and energy efficiency at a specialist investment banking firm in London, and for seven years at BP, where her last appointment was as BP Alternative Energy’s director of distributed energy markets.
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Policy mechanisms for diversified mineral supplies
Increasing cost pressures in operations outside dominant producers pose risks to diversification and sustainability efforts Supply chains for key energy minerals are highly concentrated, creating strong incentives for policymakers to build more secure and resilient supply chains through greater diversification. This concentration is often underpinned by network efforts, lower costs, and, in many cases, by relatively energy- and emissions-intensive processes. Capital expenditures for mining and refining in regions outside the dominant player are typically 50% higher than those within the top producing country. These producers also often face higher all-in sustaining costs, making it difficult to remain profitable…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Understanding methane emissions
Methane concentration in the atmosphere continues to rise The concentration of methane in the atmosphere is now over two-and-a-half times above pre-industrial levels. Atmospheric records show that, in relative terms, methane concentrations have been rising more quickly than those of all other major greenhouse gases – and at a rate faster than in any period since recordkeeping began. This growth is mainly due to mounting emissions from human activity, but there are also indications that a warming climate is driving up emissions from natural sources such as wetlands. Methane is responsible for around 30% of the rise…
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Lucas Boehlé
Energy Analyst.
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Leo Varadkar
Prime Minister. Leo Varadkar became Prime Minister of Ireland in June 2017. He has been a member of Ireland’s parliament, the Dáil, since 2007 and previously held several ministerial positions, including Social Protection, Health, and Transport, Tourism and Sport.Mr Varadkar recently led the Irish Government in the development of an ambitious new Climate Action Plan with strong targets for energy efficiency, renewables and emissions reduction.
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Arthur Contejean
Former Energy Analyst.
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Jules Sery
Transport Modeller.
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Coal 2025 Investments in coal projects and emissions abatement
New projects increase the capacity of the project pipeline Forthcoming export-oriented coal projects in our database have a total capacity of 493 Mtpa at the time of writing, 63 Mtpa higher than in our previous report. This increase in the project pipeline is due to improved research on Indonesia rather than more projects actually being developed. This report classifies projects as either more advanced or less advanced based on whether they have received the necessary approvals and permits in their respective countries. The capacity of less-advanced projects declined from 275 Mtpa to 210 Mtpa. Some projects failed to obtain environmental approvals due…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
