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Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels
Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Outlook for energy demand
The current energy crisis is reshaping previously well-established demand trends. Industries exposed to global prices are facing real threats of rationing and are curbing their production. Consumers are adjusting their patterns of energy use in response to high prices and, in some cases, emergency demand reduction campaigns. Policy responses vary, but in many instances they include determined efforts to accelerate clean energy investment. This means an even stronger push for renewables in the power sector and faster electrification of industrial processes, vehicles and heating. As many of the solutions to the current crisis coincide with those needed to meet…
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Global Energy and Climate Model About the Global Energy and Climate Model
Overview Since 1993, the IEA has provided medium- to long-term energy projections using a continually evolving set of detailed, world-leading modelling tools. First, the World Energy Model (WEM) – a large-scale simulation model designed to replicate how energy markets function – was developed. A decade later, the Energy Technology Perspectives (ETP) model – a technology-rich bottom-up model – was developed for use in parallel to the WEM.Over the past four years, the IEA has worked to develop a new integrated modelling framework: the IEA’s Global Energy and Climate (GEC) Model. This model is now the principal tool…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Natural gas
Natural gas demand growth slowed in 2025 Following a strong increase of 2.8% in 2024, global gas demand growth slowed significantly in 2025 amid weaker industrial activity and relatively high spot liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices in the first half of the year. Demand increased by 1% in 2025, translating to an increase of around 40 bcm (or 1.4 EJ) in absolute terms. Incremental demand was largely concentrated in the United States and the European Union – where it was supported by colder winter weather – and in the Middle East, where gas use in the power sector grew rapidly…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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What Next for the Global Car Industry The importance of the growth in EV sales for the car industry
Highlights In 2024, more than one-fifth of all cars sold globally were electric. Policies remain key to growth in many regions, although falling prices make affordability an increasingly important driver. In China, two-thirds of battery electric cars sold in 2024 were cheaper than internal combustion engine (ICE) equivalents. In other major markets like Europe and North America, electric cars remain more expensive on average. But prices have been falling in many emerging economies on the back of affordable Chinese imports; in Southeast Asia, this helped push the share of electric car sales to 9% in 2024, almost double…
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The State of Energy Innovation 2025 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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The State of Energy Innovation 2026 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Overview
Global coal demand grew by 1.5% in 2024, reaching an all-time high Global coal demand rose by 1.5% in 2024 to reach 8.79 billion tonnes (Bt), a new record. The growth was the slowest annual rate since the Covid-19 crisis in 2020 caused coal demand to decline. The post-Covid economic recovery and high natural gas prices have driven a sharp rise in global coal demand in recent years, but the growth has slowed year-on-year since 2021. Coal demand grew by 7.7% in 2021, 4.4% in 2022 and 2.3% in…
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Gas Market Report, Q2-2025 Executive summary
Global gas demand growth is expected to slow in 2025 amid macroeconomic uncertainties Following the gas supply shock of 2022/23, natural gas demand returned to structural growth in 2024 and continued to expand through the 2024/25 heating season. Growth was primarily concentrated in Europe and North America, with weather conditions, including lower temperatures, leading to stronger gas use in buildings and the power sector. In contrast, gas demand growth slowed in Asia amid higher spot liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices and a milder winter in the People’s Republic of China (hereafter “China”). Tighter market fundamentals put upward…
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Clean Efficient Cooking
Clean Efficient Cooking
