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Energy Efficiency 2025 Transport
How and where is energy used? Total final consumption in 2024 was over 450 EJ and has grown by around 25 EJ since 2019. Transport accounts for around 30% of global energy demand and have contributed around 10% of the growth in total demand since 2019. Road transport accounts for nearly 90% of total domestic energy demand. The remaining 10% is split between domestic aviation, domestic shipping and rail.In advanced economies, passenger cars dominate road transport demand, accounting for around 65% of the transport energy use. Trucks make up most of the remainder. Buses play a minor role in energy demand…
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Electricity 2026 Supply
Renewables and nuclear keep growing and setting records Global electricity generation will reach multiple new milestones in our 2026-2030 forecast period. This is particularly the case for low-emissions generation sources – renewables and nuclear – which will continue expanding and setting new records. Renewable energy is now outpacing coal, with nuclear generation simultaneously reaching historic highs. Constrained by growth in low-emissions sources, coal-fired generation globally is forecast to record slight declines, where demand growth through 2030 will be met by renewables, natural gas and nuclear. While trends for individual fuels vary by region, a common theme is the…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Emissions: Power generation CO2 emissions are plateauing
Global emissions from electricity generation rose by 1.2% in 2024, following an increase of 1.6% in 2023. Last year was even hotter than in 2023 – making it the warmest year on record – with the heat waves boosting electricity demand for cooling. Nonetheless, growth in power sector emissions showed signs of slowing down as rapid deployment of renewables constrained increases in fossil-fired generation. As this trend continues, we expect 2025 emissions to plateau and remain relatively unchanged. In 2026, we forecast a slight decline of less than 1%, as the increase in low-emissions generation depresses fossil-fired…
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Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business
Energy efficiency is often described as the “first fuel” because the cheapest and most secure energy is the energy that is not used. For businesses, this begins with a straightforward benefit: lower energy bills. In many cases, efficiency investments can pay back quickly through reduced energy costs alone. However, the value of energy efficiency extends beyond energy savings.This report builds on the IEA’s work on the multiple benefits of energy efficiency and focusses on how these gains materialise in businesses. Key benefits range from productivity and product quality improvements to brand image or health benefits for employees and…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Pathways to global EV cost-competitiveness
Highlights The gap in competitiveness in electric car manufacturing between new market-entrants located in China and incumbents in other countries has grown in the past 5 years. Battery electric car production costs are over 30% lower in China than in advanced economies, and around a third of the difference can be attributed to the battery. However, a similar production cost gap exists for conventional cars. Battery cell prices are, on average, over 30% lower in China than in Europe and over 20% lower than in the United States. Reducing the manufacturing cost gap is possible – half is due to efficiency…
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Hydrogen Strategy - H2Global
The Australian and German governments are working together to deliver a €400 million Australia-Germany H2Global Joint Tender. The Tender will support the emerging renewable hydrogen industry through a double-sided auction scheme. The scheme will be delivered by the Hydrogen Intermediary Company (HINT.CO). Government funds are used by HINT.CO to buy hydrogen from producers in Australia, which is then sold in Germany. This helps cover the gap between the cost of producing renewable hydrogen and its sales price.
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Financing of the hydrogen network
April 2022: EUR 300 million for hydrogen backbone from Belgian ports to Germany by 2028
July 2023: EUR 250 million awarded by the Council of Ministers
February 2025: EUR 250 million budget for the hydrogen network scrapped by the Prime Minister
May 2025: First phase of the Belgium Hydrogen backbone of 52 km by mid 2026. EUR 95 million through Recovery and resiliance facility funds. Next phases and connections to neightbouring countries under investigation -
Loans and subsidies for hydrogen infrastructure
DKK 7.4 billion (USD 1.03 billion) as loans for the hydrogen pipeline to Germany and operating subsidies of up to DKK 8.3 billion (USD 1.2 billion)
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International collaborative projects as part of the national bioeconomy strategy
As part of the National Bioeconomy Strategy, Germany has issued a call for proposals for bioeconomy-related R&D grants for teams composed of German and non-EU international partners. Research institutions and private companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, are eligible to apply. This initiative aims to promote international partnerships to support the transition to a sustainable bio-based economy.
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Energy and Climate Act, 2010
The Energy and Climate Fund was established in 2010 and received in 2011 part of Germany's emission certificates auctioning revenues as well as capital of the contract with the nuclear power operators. From 2012 on the operator's part is stopped, but all auctioning revenues will be channelled into the EKF. The Energy and Climate Fund provides for additional finance to promote a reliable, affordable and climate friendly energy system and electric mobility. The fund provides finance for: - energy efficiency, - renewable energy, - energy storage and grid technology, - energetic refurbishment of buildings, - national climate action, - international climate and environment action…