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Gaining an Edge Summary for policymakers
Energy efficiency delivers more than energy savings and emission reductions – it can also improve the competitiveness of countries and firms. From increased profitability to job creation, energy efficiency helps firms compete amid high costs, growing demand, and rising trade pressures. In today’s global context, energy efficiency is not only a matter of energy policy, but also of economic policy.Today the world’s industries can produce nearly 20% more value for a given amount of energy than they could two decades ago. This progress has yielded significant benefits at the country level. G20 countries have doubled their economic output…
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Yemen
In Yemen, less than half of the population has access to electricity. In 2010, the government launched a National Strategy for renewable energy and energy efficiency, which aims to develop grid and off-grid renewable energy and targets a 15% share of renewable electricity generation by 2025.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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The Future of Electricity in the Middle East and North Africa Executive summary
A cornerstone of global energy supply and, increasingly, demand The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is at a pivotal moment in its energy journey. The region has long been a cornerstone of the global energy system. In 2024, it supplied over 30% of the world’s oil and nearly 20% of its natural gas. At the same time, it is emerging as a major centre of electricity demand growth, driven by a rapidly expanding population, urbanisation, rising living standards, and accelerating climate pressures. Between 2000 and 2024, electricity demand tripled – increasing by more than 1 000 terawatt-hours (TWh…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Pathways to global EV cost-competitiveness
…to maintain a share of this market. Chinese carmakers have a significant technological advantage, but others could catch up by setting the right priorities for their comparatively high R&D budgets. Relying on yet-to-be-developed battery technologies to boost competitiveness is risky, however, and does not replace the need to champion current technologies, such as by collaborating with today’s technology leaders. Innovation in power electronics will also be crucial, especially to support the trend towards higher-voltage models, and to reduce dependency on rare earth elements for electric motors and counter the risk of supply chain bottlenecks.
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 1. Uzbekistan 1-GW Solar PV Project
…groups. Historically known for large thermal and hydropower EPC projects, the company has, over the past decade, shifted towards an integrated “EPC + own + operate” model, particularly for renewables. This strategic shift aligns with China’s dual-carbon goals, its pledge to stop building new coal plants overseas and the growing demand for invest-and-operate models in EMDE markets. In February 2023, CEEC signed a memorandum of understanding with the Uzbekistan Energy Ministry and committed to developing a total of 2-GW of solar power in Uzbekistan. As part of its commitment, a 1-GW solar photovoltaic (PV) complex project…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Key findings
Global energy demand grew by 2.2% in 2024 – faster than the average rate over the past decade. Demand for all fuels and technologies expanded in 2024. The increase was led by the power sector as electricity demand surged by 4.3%, well above the 3.2% growth in global GDP, driven by record temperatures, electrification and digitalisation. Renewables accounted for the largest share of the growth in global energy supply (38%), followed by natural gas (28%), coal (15%), oil (11%) and nuclear (8%).Emerging and developing economies accounted for over 80% of global energy demand growth. In China, growth…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Policy options to accelerate distributed solar PV in Ukraine Policy options and implications
Overview of policy instruments for distributed solar PV deployment Globally, government policies and incentives have been the main driver for distributed PV deployment. These instruments can be differentiated between 1) policies targeting investment costs and 2) policies focusing on consumption and the sale of electricity.Policies targeting investment costs usually take the form of direct financial incentives that aim to reduce initial investment costs and make distributed PV systems more affordable for consumers. They include:Grants and rebates: a fixed subsidy, usually with a one-time payment.Tax credits: amounts taxpayers can subtract from taxes, usually based on a percentage…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Eurasia
Eurasia has seen a significant decline in oil investment since 2015, although fossil fuels maintain their dominance in the region's energy mix Fossil fuels dominate the overall energy production and investment mix in Eurasia. Countries in the region face common challenges, including significant temperature swings from harsh winter conditions to warm summers, ageing infrastructure and often inefficient patterns of energy use: the energy intensity of Eurasia’s GDP is around 70% higher than the global average. Annual energy investment in Eurasia was almost USD 190 billion in 2015, but has since followed a downward trend, reaching its lowest point in the…
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Manufacturing and trade
…the year before. In the European Union, policy-driven growth in electric car sales resulted in production increasing 30% from 2024 to reach nearly 3.2 million in 2025. The European Union remained the world’s second-largest electric car producer. Domestic carmakers continued to capture the majority of the regional output, while the remaining less than 20% was primarily produced by Chinese players (through Geely’s Volvo) and US carmakers (mostly from Tesla and Ford’s European plants). The region remained a net exporter of electric cars, with exports exceeding 1 million in 2025 – a 25% rise from the previous year. Other European countries…
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State of Energy Policy 2026 Executive summary
…requirements have expanded, with gas storage requirements and strategic buffers adopted in close to 30 countries since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Such measures are now in place in importing countries accounting for more than 40% of natural gas imports, compared with 11% in 2010. Disruptions resulting from the conflict in the Middle East have prompted the use of these emergency measures, including the collective action decision of 11 March 2026, which made 400 million barrels of oil from IEA emergency reserves available to the market. The current disruption has also triggered announcements of new and strengthened emergency storage capacity, notably in…
