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Energy Efficiency 2024 Executive summary
…to EVs. The reduction in natural gas demand related to efficiency, which would be more than Europe’s total natural gas use in 2024, comes largely from measures such as insulating buildings and the electrification of heating.Accelerating energy efficiency improvements can deliver over a third of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reductions between now and 2030 in a pathway aligned with reaching net zero emissions by 2050. This involves speeding up electrification and improvements in technical efficiency. From 2010 to 2022, improvements in energy intensity contributed to a cumulative reduction in global CO₂ emissions of almost 7 gigatonnes (Gt). Meeting…
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World Energy Employment 2025 Executive summary
…representing nearly three-quarters of all energy job additions. Solar PV has been the principal driver of demand, accounting for half of the job additions in the electricity sector since 2019. Nuclear power, grids and storage accounted for another quarter of new power sector jobs seen since 2019, despite facing multiple headwinds such as increased component costs and shortages of skilled workers. Persistent challenges in the offshore power market have also slowed wind employment growth, with layoffs in turbine manufacturing, where jobs declined by 6% in 2024.The shift to electrification is also changing the nature of employment in related…
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Delivering Sustainable Fuels
…especially in emerging and developing economies.This report was prepared in support of Brazil’s COP30 Presidency and its Climate Action Agenda. It presents a sectoral analysis of global pathways for accelerating the deployment of sustainable liquid and gaseous fuels to 2035. It also summarises cumulative policy experience to date, identifies key technology and infrastructure requirements for scaling up deployment, and highlights resulting benefits that extend well beyond emissions reductions. Finally, the report outlines priority policy actions for governments seeking to adopt sustainable fuels to achieve measurable emissions reductions, strengthen domestic energy security and foster new opportunities for economic development.
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit
…case studies, offering practical insights into the successful implementation of energy efficiency policies across diverse national and sectoral contexts.The Toolkit builds on earlier IEA work to advance energy efficiency policy. In 2022, the IEA introduced Policy Packages for Energy Efficiency to help governments deploy coordinated policy approaches across these three pillars. The Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit was subsequently developed to also integrate concrete, sector-specific guidance, along with best practices from around the world.Ten strategic principlesBased on the IEA’s analysis of best practices and the work of the Global Commission for Urgent Action on Energy Efficiency, the following…
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The Value of Demand Flexibility
…or adjusting electricity use in response to system conditions, demand flexibility improves the utilisation of existing generation and network assets, reduces peak stress, lowers losses and curtailment, and supports more efficient integration of clean energy. It also delivers wider benefits, including enhanced energy security, lower system and consumer costs, and reduced emissions, when appropriately enabled and valued.The policy brief identifies key trends driving the need for flexibility, the main barriers limiting its uptake, and priority areas for policy action. It concludes that integrating demand flexibility alongside energy efficiency within regulatory, market and planning frameworks is essential to delivering secure…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Setting the scene
…sectors. Deployment of renewable power generation again broke records in 2024, meeting more than 70% of the increase in electricity demand. Consumption of each of the fossil fuels rose. Global energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reached another all-time high. The energy sector faces many uncertainties. The global economy is projected to grow at an average rate of 3% in the 2024-2030 period, but changes in the global policy environment and trade outlook could lead to different outcomes. In parallel, a drift towards greater fragmentation and increased geopolitical rivalry could have major implications for energy-related trade flows…
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Electricity Mid-Year Update 2025 Executive summary
…demand from industry, appliances, growing air conditioning use, the expansion of data centres, and ongoing electrification will remain major drivers of strong global electricity demand growth through 2026. As a result, electricity demand is expected to rise more than twice as fast as total energy demand in 2025 and to continue this trend in 2026. Electricity demand in China and India is expected to rise at a more moderate pace in 2025 than the rapid growth seen in 2024. After a 7% surge in 2024, electricity consumption in China is projected to increase by 5% in 2025, reflecting slower demand…
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What it would take to unlock the next phase of hydrogen growth
Can hydrogen scale up successfully Global hydrogen demand reached 100 Mt in 2024, mainly from refineries, the production of chemicals and the iron and steel sector. Demand grew by almost 2% from 2023, in line with overall energy demand growth. This consumption was almost completely met with hydrogen produced from unabated fossil fuels, using 290 billion cubic metres of natural gas and 90 million tonnes of coal equivalent. However, alternative technologies that can produce low-emissions hydrogen have attracted a lot of interest from governments given their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and diversify energy supply, particularly in countries that have a…
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Energy Transition Review for Enhancing Co-operation
…alignment with priorities set out by the DOE of the Philippines, the report provides a detailed analysis of three key areas: the potential for nuclear power, for energy resilience and for grid modernisation in the Philippines. Executive summary The Philippines has clear targets and strong potential to advance towards a resilient, affordable and sustainable power system The Philippine power sector is undergoing a period of significant transformation, with rapidly rising electricity demand and evolving policy priorities. Electricity demand is projected to grow at an annual average of 5.4% between 2026 and 2030, driven by sustained economic and population growth…
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Asset values
…and lead to lower vacancy rates and longer equipment lifespans. Key facts Energy efficient buildings can command a premium on sale and rental price in both the residential and commercial sectors. Studies show that sale price premiums for energy efficient buildings range from 3% to 15% in residential buildings and 13 to 20% in commercial buildings. Key analysis Studies show that individuals and businesses are willing to pay a higher rent and/or sales price for property with improved energy performance, such as that expressed in energy performance certificates. Evidence from the United States and Germany suggests that sales price…
