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World Energy Investment 2025 United States
…to 42 GW.With a boom in Artificial Intelligence (AI), and subsequent investment in data centres (DC), companies are racing to secure sources of clean electricity. This has led to a surge in the US corporate power purchase agreement (PPA) market wherein technology and DC companies have been responsible for procuring 86 GW of renewable capacity since 2015. This has also created demand for next-generation energy technologies such as small modular reactors (SMR) and advanced geothermal plants, reaching agreements respectively for 26 GW (mostly SMR) and 265 MW as of Q4 2024. This has been enabled by deep financial markets and a domestic…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Policy trends
…commitments. High-level methane pledges now cover around 80% of global fossil fuel production, up from around 50% in 2021. This includes the Global Methane Pledge (GMP), which today includes more than 150 countries and covers more than 50% of emissions from human activity worldwide. Launched in 2021 at the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26), the GMP commits participating countries to collectively reduce anthropogenic methane emissions – from all sources, not just energy – by at least 30% below 2020 levels by 2030. Most GMP signatories are yet to take concrete action to introduce policies or to reduce emissions. The…
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Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap Executive summary
…benefits of EVs. EVs are the most effective option for cutting road transport emissions, with rapid improvements in cost and performance driven by global battery innovation. Imports of affordable Chinese-made EVs are growing, but their high upfront costs remain a barrier. Given limited public budgets and household purchasing power, policies must prioritise the most economically viable use cases and ensure broad access to electrification. Sustaining momentum will require further differentiation of vehicle import duties, indexing fuel taxes to inflation, and mobilising low-cost international finance to support adoption.The transition to electric mobility will be gradual, requiring a framework…
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Sustainable Transport for Georgia: A Roadmap Executive summary
…benefits of EVs. EVs are the most effective option for cutting road transport emissions, with rapid improvements in cost and performance driven by global battery innovation. Imports of affordable Chinese-made EVs are growing, but their high upfront costs remain a barrier. Given limited public budgets and household purchasing power, policies must prioritise the most economically viable use cases and ensure broad access to electrification. Sustaining momentum will require further differentiation of vehicle import duties, indexing fuel taxes to inflation, and mobilising low-cost international finance to support adoption.The transition to electric mobility will be gradual, requiring a framework…
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Scaling Up Transition Finance Executive Summary
…most prominently renewable power. While vital, these investments alone cannot deliver all the changes needed to cut global emissions, especially in areas where clean technologies are not yet commercially available or cost competitive. This is where transition finance comes in: it can help emissions-intensive countries, companies, and sectors shift over time towards sustainable practices aligned with long-term climate and development goals. Transition finance faces complex definitional challenges, which have slowed its adoption. Nonetheless, it could play an essential role in global energy investments. Today, transition finance flows remain modest, but scenarios consistent with national or global emissions reduction…
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Executive summary
…stand to shape the global car market for years to come. The oil crisis of the 1970s prompted the introduction of fuel efficiency standards, which resulted in close to a doubling of the fuel economy of conventional cars between 1975 and today, while during the Covid-19 pandemic, many countries introduced EV subsidies to boost uptake and support a broader economic recovery. In 2025, the global fleet of EVs avoided the consumption of around 1.7 million barrels of oil per day (mb/d), primarily in countries that have implemented fuel economy and CO2 standards, such as China and the European Union…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Executive summary
…and climate collaboration has shifted. The primary priority of collaboration is no longer articulating new commitments, but delivering outcomes within this decade. This shift has been most prominent in recent international processes, including the Conference of the Parties (COP), where the focus has moved towards mechanisms and initiatives intended to support delivery across sectors of the global economy.In addition to emissions reductions, many governments are considering energy transitions for reasons of energy security, affordability and job creation. Against this backdrop, there is growing interest in how practical international collaboration can help advance these objectives. The Global Climate Action Agenda…
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Executive summary
…for the energy sector as a whole. Passenger cars are the single largest source of global oil demand today, covering around one-quarter of total consumption, while electric cars are a small but growing driver of electricity demand. The use of alternative fuels, notably biofuels, represents 5% of energy use from cars today and is set to grow in support of policy priorities such as fuel diversification and emissions reductions. The extent and pace by which cars electrify, however, is what will affect future car manufacturing as well as the energy sector the most, and explains the focus of this…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Regional insights
…energy policies. While energy security is a broad term that includes affordability and supply chain resilience, an often cited metric is import dependence on fuels, notably oil, natural gas and coal. Several large economies are net importers of energy. These include Japan, Korea, European Union, India and China. Others, notably the Middle East, Eurasia, Africa and the United States, are net exporters of energy. A high level of import dependence can act as a spur to boost renewable and nuclear energy, diversify sources of supply and improve energy efficiency. This chapter explores energy pathways in different countries and regions. It…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Overcoming barriers to abatement
There are gaps in financing, data and capacity Tackling methane emissions from fossil fuel operations represents one of the fastest and lowest-cost opportunities to reduce greenhouse emissions globally. Almost all the available methane abatement measures across the energy sector would be cost-effective to deploy in the presence of a greenhouse gas emissions price of about USD 20/tCO2‑eq. Several factors explain why methane emission reduction measures have not been deployed more widely. For example, companies could be unaware of the scale of the problem or the available solutions. There may be higher-profile opportunities competing for investment resources, or…
