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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Small and Medium Enterprises
Small and Medium Enterprises
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Valeria Arroyave Cardozo
Project Manager. Valeria Arroyave Cardozo is a Project Manager at the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), where she leads the Energy Efficiency for Livelihoods in Africa (EELA) Regional Project. The initiative focuses on transforming markets for energy-efficient appliances and services through enhanced policies, increased investments, and the development of sustainable local value chains.Since joining UNIDO in 2021, she has contributed to global efforts in sustainable cooling, energy efficiency, and the critical minerals supply chain, supporting the broader clean energy transition. Previously, Valeria spent five years at the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), specializing in climate transparency and strengthening national capacities to meet climate commitments through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting.She holds an engineering degree and a Master of Public Administration and Sustainable Management. V...
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Regional insights
Central and South America The fossil fuel sector in Central and South America emitted just under 8 million tonnes (Mt) of methane in 2025, around half of which was from oil and gas facilities in Venezuela. Oil and gas facilities are the main sources of methane emissions in Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, whereas in Colombia emissions are split roughly evenly between coal mining and oil and gas activities. In Venezuela, the upstream methane emissions intensity of oil and gas operations is nearly six times the global average, and flaring intensity is around 12 times higher. The intensities of operations in Argentina…
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The Implications of Oil and Gas Field Decline Rates Executive summary
…over time is more important than ever. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has long examined this issue. Decline rates – the annual rate at which production declines from an existing oil or gas field – underpin our analysis of market balances and investment needs across all outlook scenarios.Nearly 90% of annual upstream oil and gas investment since 2019 has been dedicated to offsetting production declines rather than to meet demand growth. Investment in 2025 is set to be around USD 570 billion, and if this persists, modest production growth could continue in the future. But a relatively small drop in upstream…
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Mongolia
Coal is the first source of electricity generation in Mongolia, but the country has recently begun using hydro, solar and wind power, and has adopted a law aiming to increase and regulate the use of renewables.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Road transport
Road transport
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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+ 3 pages
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Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap Sustainable transport in Armenia
The Republic of Armenia (hereafter “Armenia”) is a landlocked country in the southern Caucasus region between the Black and Caspian Seas. It is bordered by the Republic of Türkiye (hereafter “Türkiye”) to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east and Iran to the south. The country spans an area of around 29 800 km2 with a population of just over 3 million. Yerevan, the capital, is the largest city with approximately 1 million inhabitants.Armenia’s economy has undergone numerous reforms since the economic crisis of the early to mid-1990s. It has transitioned from a Soviet…
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Global EV Policy Explorer
Key policies and measures that support the deployment of electric and zero-emission vehicles Explore key policies and measures for EV deployment This table highlights current as well as announced key policies and measures that support the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) and zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) by region and country. These policies and measures take a variety of forms, e.g. fuel economy standards, CO2 emissions standards, deployment roadmaps, and sales or stock targets and ambiti...
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Elizabeth Connelly
Energy Technology and Transport Analyst. Elizabeth Connelly leads the transport analysis within the Energy Technology Policy Division and coordinates the Global EV Outlook report series.
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Korea 2025 Infographic
Infographic
