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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles
Electric bus and truck sales The electric bus market continued to expand, backed by increasingly favourable economics Electric bus sales grew by 30% in 2024Global sales of electric buses reached more than 70 000 in 2024, driven by renewed growth in China. Sales outside of China increased by just 5% in 2024, although they have almost tripled compared to 2020. As electric bus sales have increased in a range of countries, China’s share of global sales has fallen from around 99% in 2017 to less than 70% in 2024. Although electric bus sales in China generally declined from 2017 to…
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Universal Access to Clean Cooking in Africa Clean cooking: State of play and recent progress
Nearing a turning point? A lack of clean cooking continues to have profound impacts on public health, women’s equality, economic development, and the environment. Globally, a lack of clean cooking contributes to around 3 million premature deaths each year, with women and children facing the greatest exposure, and accounts for annual emissions equivalent to 1.2 Gt CO2-eq, roughly equivalent to the global CO2 emissions from international aviation and shipping. The challenge is most severe in sub-Saharan Africa, where four out of five households lack clean cooking access today. To spur global action on the issue, the…
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Health
…49% of participants reported better health due to efficient heating systems. In a South African programme, energy retrofits led to a 81% reduction in self-reported illness among households. Meanwhile, the evaluation of the Warm Up New Zealand Programme concluded that 90% of all benefits are health-related, with hospital admissions for respiratory conditions dropping by 43%, saving the country over USD 1 billion in health costs. In Ireland, in an analysis of the Warmth and Wellbeing Scheme, participants report that the improved efficiency of their homes reduced the number of doctor visits by 50% and lowered hospital admissions by…
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Namibia
Most of Namibia’s electricity is generated by hydropower. The country is also one of the ten-largest uranium resource-holders in the world and provides 8.2% of global production. The country has stated its interest in introducing nuclear power into its domestic mix.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Renewables in District Energy Executive summary
District energy is a strategic lever for energy security and emissions reduction District energy supplies around 10% of global final energy consumption for heat. As heating and cooling account for more than half of global end-use energy consumption today, this corresponds to around 5% of total energy consumption. District heating and cooling systems offer an efficient, large-scale solution for energy diversification in areas with sufficiently dense demand. By producing heat or cold centrally and distributing it through insulated networks, district energy systems can integrate diverse energy sources - including renewables - optimise demand management at scale, and support coordinated infrastructure…
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Germany 2025 Executive summary
…natural gas contrasted by the transition towards renewables, low-emissions hydrogen, heat pumps and electric vehicles (EVs). While the world has been buffeted by geopolitical and geoeconomic challenges in recent years, Germany has worked hard to accelerate its clean energy transition. This report seeks to provide Germany with timely advice on how it can progress towards its energy and climate goals, including in three key focus areas: 1) optimising electricity system operation; 2) decarbonising heating in buildings; and 3) expanding the role of hydrogen in the energy system. It emphasises the need for long-term policy stability, targeted demand creation…
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Aviation
Country and regional highlights
Political agreement on net zero targets for aviation has been complemented by fiscal and regulatory policies to promote sustainable aviation fuels
CO2 emissions
CO2 emissions from aviation have reached 90% of their pre-Covid-19 peak
Energy
Improvements in energy intensity have not been sufficient to counterbalance energy demand growth in recent years
Activity
Passenger activity has nearly closed the gap with pre-Covid levels
Technology deployment
Innovation
Policy
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Australia
…Net Zero emissions by 2050, while ensuring a just and inclusive energy transition through the guidance of the Net Zero Authority under the Prime Minister’s office. By 2030, the government aims to reach the clean electricity target of 82% of renewable energy. In addition to this target, Australia is implementing a new 2030 critical minerals strategy and gas market reforms to boost energy security during the transition. Flexibility, fuel availability and resilient infrastructure will become even more vital as Australia’s energy system incorporates very high shares of variable renewables and faces more frequent and more extreme weather events.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Policy recommendations for the coming 2-3 years
…electricity costs, which are the dominant driver for hydrogen production costs. Undertake the preparatory analyses that will form the basis for later deployment Such studies require relatively little investment when compared to large-scale projects, but they are essential to inform the work done in later years. They can support progress without requiring large commitments and provide a window onto market development. Preparatory studies can reduce uncertainties by including a material assessment of the gas transmission network, improving project cost estimates and providing visibility on the policy instruments that could be used to promote hydrogen deployment. Analysis could include, for…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Executive summary
…the unique position to harmonise standards, aggregate demand, mobilise finance and move markets in ways that are nearly impossible to achieve in isolation. Geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainty are testing the resilience of international co-operation, but also underscore its importance to avoid fragmentation of global markets and delaying action on emissions reductions. This report therefore identifies many practical opportunities for countries to work together in ways that advance economic development objectives as well as transitions.The Breakthrough Agenda acts as a framework to identify where collaborative action is most needed. Launched in 2021, the Breakthrough Agenda is supported by…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
