IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables

            photo from the perspective of looking up to the top of electricity tower pylons with a colorful blue and yellow background in the sky

            Electricity

            Low-emission fuels

            Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Hector Martinez Ruupyvdsnek Unsplash

            Energy Efficiency and Demand

            Ccus Tall

            Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage

            • Buildings
            • Energy Efficiency and Demand
            • Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage
            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Technology report

                • Nov 2025

                What Next for the Global Car Industry Global car industry manufacturing clustersGlobal car industry manufacturing clusters

                Regions with strong car industries tend to operate as clusters in which supplier factories are located alongside those of parts manufacturers and material producers. This is because close co-ordination between automakers and a wide network of specialised suppliers is essential to keep costs low. Such production ecosystems also facilitate the rapid exchange of complex, often tacit, knowledge, especially during vehicle development phases where design, engineering and manufacturing decisions must be tightly aligned.   This interactive map shows global data on car assembly location, as well as more detailed regional automotive clusters. 

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • The global car industry in contextThe global car industry in context
                • The importance of the growth in EV sales for the car industryThe importance of the growth in EV sales for the car industry
                • Present and future prospects of electric car manufacturingPresent and future prospects of electric car manufacturing
                • + 4 pages

                What Next for the Global Car Industry shutterstock 1253361706
                • Fuel report

                • Oct 2025

                Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Impact analysis of the two largest LNG import regionsImpact analysis of the two largest LNG import regions

                …on an element of price risk in cases of immediate and unforeseen demand requirements.Equally central to the continent’s natural gas landscape is its extensive underground gas storage capacity, totalling about 100 bcm, spread across 19 EU member states and a handful of non-EU markets. Given the highly variable nature of Europe’s gas demand, underground gas storage plays a crucial role in balancing both seasonal and immediate fluctuations in demand and supply, acting as an important pillar of the continent’s security of supply.Finally, beyond access to varied supply sources and sizeable underground gas storage capacity…

                • IntroductionIntroduction
                • Anatomy of a natural gas crisisAnatomy of a natural gas crisis
                • Impact analysis of the two largest LNG import regionsImpact analysis of the two largest LNG import regions
                • Policy response to the crisisPolicy response to the crisis
                • + 1 pages

                Gas Market Lessons from the 2022 2023 Energy Crisis Red LNG tanker and swarm of tugboats shutterstock 1421288093
                • Country

                Ukraine

                Ukraine is a key country for European and global energy security. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has pushed it to fundamentally reshape its past dependence on energy imports from Russia.
                As the invasion continues, Ukraine is focused on tracking large-scale energy supply disruptions and actively working to recover power and heating for civilians. It is also putting together an ambitious recovery and reconstruction plan, with a strong focus on energy security. In the medium-term, Ukraine’s energy strategy remains focused on European integration, while it aims to an energy system that is ready for a Net Zero future…

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Ukraine Flag
                • Flagship report

                • Oct 2022

                World Energy Outlook 2022 Key findingsKey findings

                …but entirely unprecedented for natural gas. High fuel prices account for 90% of the rise in the average costs of electricity generation worldwide, natural gas alone for more than 50%. The costs of renewables and carbon dioxide have played only a marginal role, underscoring that this is a crisis where energy transitions are the solution, rather than the problem.Price and economic pressures mean that the number of people without access to modern energy is rising for the first time in a decade. Around 75 million people who recently gained access to electricity are likely to lose the ability to pay…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Key findingsKey findings
                • The global energy crisisThe global energy crisis
                • An updated roadmap to Net Zero Emissions by 2050An updated roadmap to Net Zero Emissions by 2050
                • + 6 pages

                World Energy Outlook 2022
                • Country report

                • Jun 2026

                Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy in Southeast AsiaEnergy in Southeast Asia

                Southeast Asia is becoming an increasingly important part of the global energy system. The region accounts for 9% of the world’s population and 4% of its GDP. Energy use has risen sharply since 2015, supported by industrialisation, urbanisation, rising incomes and expanding mobility needs. This growth has helped underpin economic development and wider access to modern energy, but it has also increased exposure to global fuel markets and added to emissions. The current Middle East crisis has tested Southeast Asia’s energy security and affordability, exposing the limits of short-term responses. The region was heavily exposed to Middle…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Energy in Southeast AsiaEnergy in Southeast Asia
                • Energy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settingsEnergy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settings
                • Energy outlook to 2050 based on targets and pledgesEnergy outlook to 2050 based on targets and pledges
                • + 1 pages

                Shutterstock 1411750967 Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026
                • Country

                Uruguay

                In 2010 the Ministry of Energy, Mining and Industry of Uruguay approved Decree 354 on the Promotion of Renewable Energies meant to increase dramatically the share of electricity generation from renewable sources in the country.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Uruguay Flag
                • Country

                Zambia

                Coal production is set to increase in Zambia, but exports remain limited to trade with neighbouring countries. The country has recently made good progress regarding electrification rates through a large push for mini-grid and off-grid solutions in rural areas.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Zambia Flag
                • Fuel report

                • Jan 2026

                Gas Market Report, Q1-2026 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                …relatively tight in the first half of 2025. While global LNG supply increased by 4% (or 10 bcm) year-on-year (y‑o‑y) in the first half of 2025, this was partially offset by lower Russian and Norwegian piped gas deliveries to Europe. In addition, stronger storage injections in the European Union contributed to tighter markets. This kept European and Asian benchmark prices 30% and 40%, respectively, above their levels in the same period a year earlier.Global LNG supply growth accelerated to 10% (or 28 bcm) y‑o‑y in the second half of 2025, which gradually eased market conditions starting from…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                The photo depicts a plaquemines LNG Venture Global
                • Country

                Uganda

                In 2019, Uganda’s energy mix was dominated by fuel wood and charcoal followed by a small share of oil products. The country produces electricity mainly from hydroelectric plants. Between 2017 and 2019, electrification outpaced population growth in Uganda. However in 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking.
                The Electricity Connection Policy was introduced in 2018 with the ambition of increasing Uganda’s electricity access to 60 percent by 2027 through connection subsidies for consumers located close to the existing network. About 300,000 households and businesses have received free electricity connections, benefiting 1.5…

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Uganda Flag
                • Country

                Bangladesh

                In Bangladesh, electricity is available for 85% of the population, up from 20% in 2000. Gas accounts for the majority of the country’s electricity production, even though wind, hydropower and solar PV shares are growing. Bangladesh has also implemented energy policy incentives towards the deployment of renewables.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Bangladesh Flag
              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.