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Fuel report
Oct 2025
Renewables 2025 Renewable transport
Renewable energy in transport is set to expand 50% to 2030 With greater use of renewable electricity, liquid biofuels, biogases and renewable hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels, renewable energy consumption in transport is expected to rise 50% by 2030. The largest share of this growth (45%) will come from renewable electricity used for electric vehicles, especially in China and Europe.Road biofuels contribute the second-largest share (35%), with significant growth in Brazil, Indonesia, India and Malaysia, supported by tightening mandates and rising fuel demand. Aviation and maritime fuel use makes up 10% of growth, primarily owing to mandates in…
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Topic
Energy Security
The IEA has been at the heart of international energy security for 50 years – working to avoid, mitigate and manage energy disruptions and crises. While the Agency’s mandate initially centred on oil security, its work has since broadened to include the security of natural gas, electricity and clean energy supply chains.Threats to energy systems are constantly evolving. The IEA continually monitors and analyses these threats, including geopolitical risks, cyberattacks on energy infrastructure, supply chain disruptions and extreme weather events. On 24 and 25 April, 2025, the IEA convened an International Summit on the Future of Energy Security, hosted by the…
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Policy
South Africa
2010
Industrial Energy Efficiency Programme
The IEE Project contributes to the sustainable transformation of energy usage practices in South African industry and aims to enhance national energy security, promote job creation and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. It facilitates the implementation of the new South African Energy Management Standard under the framework of the recently released international energy management standard ISO50001, as well as builds the capacity to introduce a systems optimization approach in industry in South Africa.As of 2016 the results were 2140 GWh and R 1.76 billion saved and 2 million tonnes of CO2 avoided.
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Policy
European Union
2012
RES4Africa Micro-Grid Academy
…engineers and academic students. Todate, around 1 550 people have been trained, and 24 training editions have been implemented on-field in the East African Community, Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique and Zambia, as well as an online course with eth involvement of more than 40 African countries. The innovation pillar of the MGA annually awards three innovative youth projects with EUR 5 000 and supports winners with mentorship and visibility, in collaboration with the European Investment Bank. The winner of the 2021 edition submitted the idea of a platform consisting of a network of solar-powered cold…
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Policy
European Union
2019
REnewAfrica Initiative
RenewAfrica is a private-sector initiative designed to spur European investments into renewable energy in Africa. Launched in June 2019 by the RES4Africa Foundation, the initiative is backed by 27 industry actors from the European renewable energy sector. Under RenewAfrica, these stakeholders promote a comprehensive investment programme structure based on four pillars: policy dialogue, capacity building, technical assistance and financial de-risking. This structure aims to develop a series of sustainable, renewable investment projects across Africa, with greater use of public-private partnership models, which will help establish the necessary conditions for job creation and economic development in the countries…
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Country report
Mar 2025
Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap
Ukraine’s energy sector has been severely affected by the Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion. The power sector went from having a large capacity surplus before the war to a power deficit in 2024 due to Russia’s attacks. This has focused attention on energy security and restoring the reliability of supply. Hydrogen demand from conventional applications in refining and ammonia has also plunged, falling 80%, with most of these assets in southern Ukraine, where the frontline and occupied areas are located. Overall economic damage from the war has been extensive, with reconstruction costs previously estimated by the World…
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Topic
Critical Minerals
Critical minerals are essential for a range of today’s energy technologies and for the broader economy. For example, lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and graphite are crucial to battery performance. Rare earth elements are essential indispensable to the permanent magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicle motors. Electricity networks need a huge amount of aluminium and copper, the latter of which is the cornerstone of all electricity-related technologies. As demand for these materials grows strongly, their strategic importance has also increased – and policymakers have made ensuring secure and resilient mineral supply chains a major priority. Critical Minerals Security…
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Fuel report
Nov 2025
Energy Efficiency 2025 Buildings
How and where is energy used? Total final consumption in 2024 was over 450 EJ and has grown by around 25 EJ since 2019. Buildings account for around 30% of global energy demand and have contributed around 20% of the growth in total demand since 2019. The residential sector makes up about 70% of total energy demand in buildings, while the remaining 30% is used in commercial and public buildings.In advanced economies, most energy in homes is used for space and water heating, together accounting for about 70%. This is followed by the use of electrical appliances, such as refrigerators, televisions…
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Policy report
Jun 2026
Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit The Energy Efficiency Policy Package
The Energy Efficiency Policy Package