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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Status and key indicators
…International Energy Agency and Eurostat. The National Agency for Research and Development (NARD) oversees research and innovation policies, including European Union research programmes such as Horizon Europe. NARD supports energy-related initiatives by funding projects, fostering partnerships and promoting international collaboration to advance energy research and technology. Energy strategy and objectives Moldova passed legally binding legislation in April 2024 that commits the country to achieving net zero emissions by 2050. In addition to setting this target, Law No. 74 on Climate Action establishes a climate change commission to coordinate policies and public spending on adaptation and mitigation.Moldova’s Energy…
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Universal Access to Clean Cooking in Africa Clean cooking: State of play and recent progress
…issue, the International Energy Agency (IEA) convened the Summit on Clean Cooking in Africa with the objective of making 2024 a turning point. The Summit resulted in USD 2.2 billion in public and private sector commitments, alongside pledges by twelve African governments to implement new clean cooking policies. Based on tracking by the IEA, USD 470 million has been disbursed against the commitments as of the end of June 2025. This exceeds the annualised disbursements needed to fulfil these commitments by 2030. Eight of the twelve countries that made pledges at the IEA Summit implemented new clean cooking policies since 2024…
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Lebanon
The government of Lebanon launched the "National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action" in 2010 a mechanism dedicated to the financing of green energy projects in the country. Private sector entities can apply for subsidised loans for any type of environmentally friendly projects.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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Cambodia
Cambodia’s electrification rate is the second-lowest among South East Asian countries. Cambodia plans to increase its power generation capacity by building hydropower and coal-fired plants by 2025, which can contribute to improve self-sufficiency of power supply.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Guatemala
The National Energy Plan of Guatemala defines the promotion of renewables as a priority. The plan aims to promote the use of clean and environmentally friendly energy for domestic consumption without losing sight of energy security and the need for supplying electricity at competitive prices.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Peru
Peru’s government identified the development of electricity from renewable energy sources as a public necessity of national interest. The country established a National Renewable Energy Development Plan to be funded by the Annual Budget Law, external debt operations, direct investments and contributions from international institutions.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Regulating the sector
…Building energy codes are essential for driving the retrofitting of older buildings with cleaner heating systems – and for ensuring progress in both rural and urban communities.Moldova has transposed the European Union’s Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD) into its law 282/2023. This was a key step towards ensuring improvements to building performance going forward. However, the EPBD was revised in 2024 and now contains important updates that are not yet reflected in Moldova’s law. Changes relevant to heat pumps include an updated standard for zero-emissions buildings; improved energy performance certificates; minimum energy performance standards (MEPS…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Introduction
Over the course of 2022 and 2023, the largest natural gas supply shock in history unfolded, developing from seemingly regional dynamics into a global shockwave in gas and wider energy markets. The crisis has yet to be entirely resolved in the 3 years that have since passed. However, the post-crisis gas market paradigm has started to emerge, making it possible to draw lessons from the most acute phase of the crisis that can be transposed from one region or market to another, or that can be achieved through collective action across the wider gas market. While gas dependency can…
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Ramping up Heat Pumps in Moldova: A Roadmap Executive summary
…industry experience and scale. The country’s generally inefficient building stock risks blunting some of the benefits of heat pumps, since this can reduce energy cost savings and strain Moldova’s weak electricity grid. In rural areas, heavy reliance on low-cost, local biomass for heating poses significant risks to public health and the environment. Public awareness and demand for heat pumps remain low, with many consumers deterred by cost and maintenance concerns.Additional challenges include high levels of energy poverty and a fragile electricity infrastructure, both of which must be addressed by any heating strategy. The thermal needs of…
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Financing Electricity Access in Africa Pathway to universal access
…rural areas. Integrated energy planning and improved tendering approaches can help design impactful interventions, streamline processes, and thus unlock further capital.Private finance accounts for roughly 45% of spending under the ACCESS scenario, making up over half of spending in decentralised solutions but a slightly lower share in grids. The private sector already plays a key role in solar home systems (SHS) but faces obstacles in other sectors: many countries do not allow private investment in grids, and mini-grid regulations are often unclear on areas such as tariff design. Improving project bankability, including by raising demand for electricity, and…
