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Biofuels
Country and regional highlights
The United States Inflation Reduction Act makes USD 9.4 billion available for biofuels
Energy
Biofuel demand increased by 6% in 2022, continuing the recent pace of growth
Technology deployment
Biofuel production technology needs to diversify to sustainably take advantage of existing waste and residue feedstocks
Innovation
Technologies that can convert woody feedstocks into biofuels need to be proven at scale in the next few years
Policy
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Energy Technology Perspectives 2026 Executive summary
…the IEA’s flagship technology publication Energy Technology Perspectives (ETP) aims to separate the signal from the noise, by providing timely data, scenarios and analysis across deployment, manufacturing, trade, competitiveness and security. At a time when misjudging the moment risks wasting capital or stalling momentum, this report has been designed to help decision makers navigate uncertainties.Deployment of clean energy technologies rises in all IEA scenarios, but the extent to which the market value grows will depend on policy direction. The combined global market value for clean energy technologies has grown 20% on average per year over the past decade…
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World Energy Outlook 2025
…full report or contact the International Energy Agency.Be clear and specific: Provide detailed and specific instructions to get the most accurate and relevant responses. For example, instead of asking "Tell me about energy trends," try, "Summarize the key findings on renewable energy capacity from the World Energy Outlook 2025."Ask one question at a time: To ensure clarity and focus, ask one question at a time. This helps the agent provide a more precise and helpful response. If the response isn’t what you expected, rephrase or refine your query to better guide the agent.Provide context when needed…
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Competitiveness
…shown to lead to improved product quality and consistency, contributing to brand reputation.Improved resource use, such as reduced equipment downtime and unplanned shutdowns, lower maintenance costs, and potentially reduced staff requirements for operation and monitoring. Efficiency has also been shown to increase worker health and safety, reducing the incidence of work-related accidents and health insurance costs.Reduced waste production, such as less use of materials and process water.Combined, these multiple benefits can more than double the benefits of energy cost savings. Need more information? IEA (2025), Gaining an Edge: The Role of Energy Efficiency in Enhancing Competitiveness.
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Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency
As energy efficiency continues to gain attention as a key resource for economic and social development across all economies, understanding its real value is increasingly important. The multiple benefits approach seeks to expand the perspective of energy efficiency beyond the traditional measure of energy savings by identifying and measuring its impacts in full bloom.
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Energy and AI
…to the full report or contact the International Energy Agency. Be clear and specific: Provide detailed and specific instructions to get the most accurate and relevant responses. For example, instead of asking "Tell me about electricity trends," try, "Summarize the key findings on electricity demand from the Electricity 2025 report." Ask one question at a time: To ensure clarity and focus, ask one question at a time. This helps the agent provide a more precise and helpful response. If the response isn’t what you expected, rephrase or refine your query to better guide the agent. Provide context when needed:…
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Cost of Capital Observatory
…into three sections:A Dashboard that provides free data on the cost of capital for energy projects in emerging and developing economies, updated with 2023 and 2024 data in July and September 2025.A section with Tools and Analysis to help governments understand and quantify the main underlying risks perceived by investors and financiers in each country.Case Studies with lessons learnt of how policymakers, together with the private sector, development finance institutions and other entities managed to mitigate risks and mobilise capital for clean energy sectors across the emerging and developing world.We hope these resources will help drive…
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Global Energy Review 2025
…renewables and nuclear power. Gas demand also picked up substantially, while oil and coal consumption increased more slowly than in 2023.CO2 emissions from the energy sector continued to increase in 2024 but at a slower rate than in 2023. A key driver was record-high temperatures: if global weather patterns in 2023 had repeated in 2024, around half of the increase in global emissions would have been avoided. At the same time, the continued rapid adoption of clean energy technologies is limiting emissions growth, according to new analysis – avoiding 2.6 billion tonnes of additional CO2 emissions per year.
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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United States
…economy. The reforms aim to strengthen infrastructure deployment and resilience, include a major focus on clean energy manufacturing, improving diverse supply chains and affordability, enhancing equity and the creation of high-quality clean energy jobs.
The US plays a significant role in supporting international energy security as the world’s largest producer of oil and exporter of liquified natural gas. A wave of clean energy investment means the US is today the third-largest market for renewable energy investment, heat pump manufacturing and electric vehicle sales and enabling clean energy transitions around the world through its leadership in technology innovation.- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![United States Flag]()
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7 certainties about energy for this age of uncertainty
ED commentary The energy sector, like many others, is contending with a blizzard of uncertainties, complicating the work of policymakers, business leaders and investors.Geopolitical twists and turns are straining long-established relationships and upending deeply held assumptions. The World Uncertainty Index, devised by economists from the IMF and Stanford University, has hit unprecedented levels in recent months.But in this time of flux, there are still some important trends that we can identify with some confidence. Here are seven that can help us keep our bearings: The world has entered the age of electricity Oil and gas will still…
