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Global Energy Review 2026 Key findings
All major energy fuels and technologies grew in 2025 – but at very different rates. Overall global energy demand growth slowed to 1.3%, just below the average for the previous decade. Slower economic growth and slower growth in energy-intensive industries in some regions, lower cooling demand, and faster efficiency improvements all contributed to slower demand growth.Solar PV, the largest single source of growth, met more than 25% of higher demand, followed by natural gas, which contributed 17%. This was the first time on record that a modern renewable source contributed the largest share of global energy demand growth…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2024 Executive summary
…STEPS), which indicates the direction of travel for the energy sector based on today’s policies. This increase in demand is underpinned by strong economic expansion, population growth, and Southeast Asia’s position as a global manufacturing and industrial hub. However, this scenario brings serious concerns for energy security and sustainability: rising dependence on fossil fuel imports, escalating import costs, and a projected one-third increase in energy-related CO2 emissions by 2050. Drivers of changing energy demand in Southeast Asia Eight of the 10 countries in Southeast Asia have net zero emissions goals: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Malaysia…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Macro drivers
…the GEC Model 2025 can be downloaded here.Economic activity and population are the two fundamental drivers of demand for energy services in GEC Model scenarios. Unless otherwise specified, these are kept constant across all scenarios as a means of providing a starting point for the analysis and facilitating the interpretation of the results. The projections are based on the average retail prices of each fuel used in final uses, power generation and other transformation sectors. These end-use prices are derived from projected international prices of fossil fuels and subsidy/tax levels and vary by country. Population We use…
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Universal Access to Clean Cooking in Africa Implications and policy considerations
…Technical assistance and concessional finance can help, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises that play an important role expanding clean cooking where commercial players will not. At current prices, the cost of gaining clean cooking access would exceed 10% of household monthly income for nearly 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa. Affordability varies significantly by fuel type, but financial incentives and business models that allow consumers to make purchases in small increments play an important role across all market segments. Some measures include value added tax (VAT) and import tariff exemptions for clean cooking stoves, fuels and equipment…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Executive summary
…demand growth, but the Middle East conflict has provided a stark wake-up call for the region’s energy system. Southeast Asia accounts for 9% of the world’s population and 4% of its GDP, but nearly 20% of global energy demand growth to 2035 under today’s policy settings. The disruption in global fuel markets has exposed deep structural vulnerabilities linked to import dependence, limited diversification and concentrated supply routes. Before the crisis, around 60% of Southeast Asia’s imports of crude oil and a third of its imports of gas were coming from the Middle East, while 45…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Executive summary
…with notably higher sales shares in Thailand and Viet Nam. In Brazil, the largest car market in Latin America, electric car sales more than doubled to 125 000 in 2024, reaching a sales share of over 6%. Sales in Africa also more than doubled, too, mostly thanks to growing sales in Egypt and Morocco, though electric cars still represent less than 1% of total car sales across the continent. Policy support and relatively affordable electric car imports from China played a central role in increasing sales in some emerging electric vehicle (EV) markets, accounting for 85% of electric car sales in both…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Regional insights
Central and South America The fossil fuel sector in Central and South America emitted around 8 Mt of methane in 2024, about 45% of which were from oil and gas facilities in Venezuela. Oil and gas facilities are the main sources of methane emissions in Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, and coal mines are the largest source in Colombia.The upstream methane emissions intensity of oil and gas operations in Venezuela is six times the global average, and its flaring intensity is ten times the global average. Operations in Argentina and Ecuador are around twice the global average, while Brazil and Colombia…
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Financing Clean Energy in Africa Mobilising capital for a sustainable future
…using blended finance structures can adjust project risk–return profiles to appeal to private investors. Under the SAS, concessional funds to support private mobilisation increase tenfold to USD 28 billion by 2030. Carbon markets can attract investment by supporting project revenue streams for a variety of projects. They can have a particularly strong impact on clean cooking, which already accounts for almost a quarter of credits issued from Africa in the voluntary market. However, to ensure the effectiveness of carbon markets, countries first need to adopt solid regulatory, monitoring and verification frameworks. The global investor community also represents an important capital source…
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Global EV Outlook 2026 Outlook for electric mobility
Vehicle outlook by mode By 2035, the fleet of EVs across all vehicle types except two/three-wheelers (2/3Ws) exceeds 450 million globally in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) – more than five times as many EVs as there were at the end of 2025. CO2 and fuel economy standards, especially for new light-duty vehicles (LDVs), are the main driver of rising EV sales outside of the People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”). In China and a few other emerging markets, the competitive economics of EVs already support continued adoption in the CPS. Elsewhere, however, EV sales stall, particularly…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Global trends
…and translating to around 30 million tonnes (around 0.7 EJ) of additional consumption. Cooler weather and strong renewables growth were the major drivers of the slowdown. Oil demand growth also eased, increasing by around 0.65 mb/d, driven by petrochemicals and aviation as fuel demand for road transport growth remained muted as electric vehicle sales increased by over 20% to more than 20 million units. Natural gas demand increased by around 40 billion cubic metres (bcm). At 1%, the annual growth rate marked a notable slowdown from the 2.8% increase in 2024, as high prices curbed higher consumption…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages