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Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Overview
Global coal demand grew by 1.5% in 2024, reaching an all-time high Global coal demand rose by 1.5% in 2024 to reach 8.79 billion tonnes (Bt), a new record. The growth was the slowest annual rate since the Covid-19 crisis in 2020 caused coal demand to decline. The post-Covid economic recovery and high natural gas prices have driven a sharp rise in global coal demand in recent years, but the growth has slowed year-on-year since 2021. Coal demand grew by 7.7% in 2021, 4.4% in 2022 and 2.3% in…
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Coal Mid-Year Update 2025 Demand
Global coal demand grew by 1.5% in 2024 to reach an all-time high In 2024, global coal demand increased by 1.5% compared with 2023, reaching a new all-time high of 8.79 Bt. This represents a continuation of the upward trend in coal consumption, albeit at a slower pace than growth rates of 4.4% in 2022 and 2.3% in 2023.The increase in 2024 was primarily driven by emerging economies in Asia, particularly China and India. China recorded the largest absolute growth, with demand rising by 82 Mt (1.7%) while India’s consumption…
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Senegal
In Senegal, 65% of the population has access to electricity. Strong policies and incentives have supported liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) use and less than 25% of the urban population now relies on solid biomass for cooking.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026
Strengthening international collaboration to accelerate delivery Breakthrough Agenda Report 2026 Since its launch at COP 26, the Breakthrough Agenda has served as a framework for strengthening international collaboration across major emitting sectors. Participating countries have endorsed shared “Breakthrough” goals to make clean technologies and sustainable practices more affordable, accessible and attractive than their alternatives by 2030 across the power, road transport, hydrogen, steel, cement and buildings sectors.The Breakthrough Agenda establishes an annual cycle to track progress towards these goals, identify where stronger or more co‑ordinated international action is needed, and support collective efforts to accelerate deployment. Central to this process…
- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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+ 3 pages
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India’s electricity demand grows at night: Managing rising cooling demand
India cooling commentary As India’s cooling demand surges alongside solar power capacity, ensuring sufficient nighttime power capacity is key Power consumption in India is on the rise amid economic and population growth, as well as the growing use of air conditioning as more households purchase units and temperatures increase. Since 2019, the country’s electricity demand has increased by 5% per year. While electricity supply has kept pace, solar PV has accounted for two-thirds of power capacity additions in India since 2019. Against this backdrop, ensuring adequate power generation capacity during periods of peak demand is emerging as…
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Salomé Zourabichvili
President. Salomé Zourabichvili took office as President of Georgia in December 2018. Ms Zourabichvili served as Georgia’s Minister of Foreign Affairs in 2004-2005 and was elected to its parliament in 2016. She also previously worked in the French diplomatic service and for the UN Security Council, as well as teaching at the Institute of Political Studies in Paris.
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Renewables 2021 Renewable electricity
Forecast summary Renewable capacity additions are set to grow faster than ever in the next five years, but the expansion trend is not on track to meet the IEA Net Zero by 2050 Scenario Annual additions to global renewable electricity capacity are expected to average around 305 GW per year between 2021 and 2026 in the IEA main case forecast. This implies an acceleration of almost 60% compared to renewables’ expansion over the last five years. Continuous policy support in more than 130 countries, ambitious net zero goals announced by nations accounting for almost 90% of global GDP, and improving competitiveness…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Regional insights
Central and South America The fossil fuel sector in Central and South America emitted around 8 Mt of methane in 2024, about 45% of which were from oil and gas facilities in Venezuela. Oil and gas facilities are the main sources of methane emissions in Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil, and coal mines are the largest source in Colombia.The upstream methane emissions intensity of oil and gas operations in Venezuela is six times the global average, and its flaring intensity is ten times the global average. Operations in Argentina and Ecuador are around twice the global average, while Brazil and Colombia…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Summary
The conflict in the Middle East has created the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market, due to the near halt in shipping traffic through the Strait of Hormuz. Some 15 million barrels of crude oil and 5 million barrels of oil products typically traversed the Strait each day, equivalent to around 20% of global oil consumption. These flows have slowed to a trickle. The loss of supply is having significant impacts in global markets, pushing up prices for crude oil above $100/barrel, and leading to much higher prices for some refined products – notably diesel…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Key questions about hydrogen
How has the conflict in the Middle East affected supplies of fertilisers and chemicals made from hydrogen? The conflict in the Middle East has disrupted not only oil and gas flows, but also global supply chains for hydrogen‑based products, particularly fertilisers and chemicals such as ammonia, urea and methanol. These products account for a large share of hydrogen demand, with ammonia and methanol alone representing roughly half of global consumption.The Middle East plays a critical role in global markets for hydrogen-based products, and a large share of its production is dedicated to exports, making the region a major…
