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World Energy Investment 2025 Japan and Korea
Expanding power investment and keeping adequate electricity supply capacity will be crucial to meet rising electricity demand and ensure stable supply for the economies of Japan and Korea Japan and Korea are two of the most advanced economies in Asia, both having a strong focus on trade with a dependence on energy imports to meet demand. Energy security concerns are spurred by their low energy self-sufficiency rates, Japan at 13% and Korea at 19%. To reduce their reliance on imports and to promote the energy transition, both countries have made significant investment in clean energy, with 92% of total…
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies Case 1. Uzbekistan 1-GW Solar PV Project
Project overview and impact Uzbekistan is beginning a rapid scale-up of renewable power, and large solar projects are essential for meeting its target to increase the share of renewables to 40% of total electricity generation by 2030. This is a strikingly ambitious objective given today’s starting point: in 2023, around 90% of Uzbekistan’s electricity was produced from fossil fuels, mainly in the form of natural gas, while solar and wind together accounted for less than 1%, and renewables more broadly reached only about 10%, almost all of which came from hydropower. At the same time, electricity demand…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Current Policies Scenario
Expanding the world we know Total final consumption rises in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) by around 1.3% each year over the next decade, similar to the average annual increase over the last decade: global industrial output, appliance ownership and demands for mobility all increase, while energy efficiency gains are modest. Demand for oil rises to 113 million barrels per day by 2050, mainly due to its increased use in emerging market and developing economies for road transport, petrochemical feedstocks, and aviation. Electric vehicle (EV) uptake stalls in regions lacking strong policy support: China and Europe are the main exceptions…
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Czechia
Czechia has decoupled economic growth from energy consumption since 2009, yet the country’s energy and carbon intensity remain above the IEA average, which highlights the need to make energy efficiency the “first principle” of energy policy. Fossil fuels are still essential building blocks of the energy mix with coal as the single largest fuel for total energy supply and electricity generation. The country is committed to phase-out coal by 2033 and is putting in place a framework for an inclusive transition. Nuclear is the second largest electricity source and the government plans to build new nuclear units at…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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2022 Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) subsidy scheme
In 2022, the Nigerian government suspended the removal of its petrol subsidy scheme and budgeted NGN 4 trillion for the year, and NGN 3.36 trillion for 2023. The government later announced the scheme would be ended mid-2023.
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Procedure Guide for the Design and Construction of Oil and Gas Surface Production Facilities
Applies to all oil and gas surface production facilities in the Nigerian Petroleum Industry. Governed by Department of Petroleum Resources Sec. 2 Applicable Government Policies, includes “Zero-Flare compliance" and notes that gas utilization plans shall comply with the government directive on the eradication of gas flaring. Sec. 3.2.1 Conceptual design approval submissions must include a letter of approval of a preliminary EIA Report; detailed design approval submission must include the draft EIA report. Sec. 3.3.1 sets the noise limits from any facility at no more than 85 dB. Sec. 3.3.2 Requires flare design to…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Targeted consumer support to enhance energy affordability
Many governments around the world are reacting quickly to protect consumers from increasing fuel prices. In the days following the conflict in the Middle East, the IEA has tracked announcements from around 40 countries that are deploying or considering deploying emergency measures to shelter consumers from price increases. Immediate government responses have been to implement price caps, fuel subsidies and shifts in taxation, along with price stabilisation mechanisms that can quickly set limits on consumer price increases. Previous crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic and the 2022 energy crisis, demonstrated that impacts often fall disproportionately on the poorer segments of…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Overview and key findings
Ten questions on the future of energy The Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS) and the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) present two views on how the energy system may evolve, building on different assumptions regarding today’s policies and technologies. Both scenarios see continued increases in energy demand to 2050, albeit at different speeds, with emerging market and developing economies driving the increase, led by India and Southeast Asia. Differences in the pace at which new technologies are brought into the energy system are reflected in the trajectories for fossil fuels. In the CPS, oil and natural gas demand continue to grow…
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Electricity 2026 Supply
Renewables and nuclear keep growing and setting records Global electricity generation will reach multiple new milestones in our 2026-2030 forecast period. This is particularly the case for low-emissions generation sources – renewables and nuclear – which will continue expanding and setting new records. Renewable energy is now outpacing coal, with nuclear generation simultaneously reaching historic highs. Constrained by growth in low-emissions sources, coal-fired generation globally is forecast to record slight declines, where demand growth through 2030 will be met by renewables, natural gas and nuclear. While trends for individual fuels vary by region, a common theme is the…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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Global battery markets are growing strongly – and so are the supply risks
part 1- lithium-ion batteries Batteries’ importance is increasing across key sectors including autos, power, data centres and beyond The global lithium-ion battery market exceeded USD 150 billion in 2025, an increase of over 20% from 2024, but its economic and strategic significance extends far beyond market size. Batteries are becoming a cornerstone of the automotive sector, a critical source of flexibility for power systems, and an increasingly important source of back-up power for digital infrastructure, including data centres and artificial intelligence.Beyond energy, batteries remain indispensable for a wide range of industrial and strategic applications, from portable…
