IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2024

                RRP - Portugal's REPowerEU chapter

                Portugals REPowerEU chapter contains several policies, investments, and reforms to accelerate the green transition in the country and decrease the reliance on fossil fuels. In total, REPowerEU entails six reforms and 16 investments, from energy efficiency incentives, sustainable transport, renewable energies and gases, as well as measures to improve the country's electricity grid. REPowerEU total investment amounts to EUR 855 million in costs. 

                • Fuel report

                • Feb 2026

                Electricity 2026 ReliabilityReliability

                …flows from Spain to France and Portugal, and reconfiguration of internal power lines. While these measures had the desired effect of dampening oscillation, they also increased voltage in the Iberian power system and scaled down reactive absorption. Disconnection of generators prompted the voltage level in several nodes to further spike beyond the 435 kV operational limit.The over-voltage set off a chain reaction of generation losses and a decline in the Spanish and Portuguese power system frequency. The Iberian Peninsula was completely desynchronised from the Continental European power system and cascading disconnections swept across the region, affecting Spain, Portugal…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • DemandDemand
                • SupplySupply
                • GridsGrids
                • + 4 pages

                The photo depicts a View of power poles and lines with buildings and mountains in background shutterstock 2325254401
                • Country

                Spain

                Spain is at the forefront of the energy transition due to its energy and climate change policies. The current Spanish framework for energy and climate is based on the 2050 objectives of national climate neutrality, 100% renewable energy in the electricity mix and 97% renewable energy in the total energy mix. As such, it is centred on the massive development of renewable energy, particularly solar, wind and renewable hydrogen, increasing energy efficiency and improving electrification. This is an opportunity for the country to not only stimulate the economy and by creating jobs through the modernisation of industry, but also to…

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Spain Flag
                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2017

                COP23 - Portugal's coal phase-out

                As part of its decarbonization strategy, and pledges in Bonn for COP23, Portugal pledges to phase-out coal use in the power sector by 2030 at the latest. The target was achieved in November 2021 by closing the Pego and Sines power plants. 

                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2021

                Morocco and Portugal agreement on green hydrogen development

                The two countries signed an agreement to boost bilateral cooperation on green hydrogen development and to align their decarbonisation strategies priorities. They also announced the establishment of a joint working group to examine the opportunities and the actions needed.

                • Policy

                • Morocco

                • 2021

                Morocco and Portugal agreement on green hydrogen development

                The two countries signed an agreement to boost bilateral cooperation on green hydrogen development and to align their decarbonisation strategies priorities.

                They announced also the establishment of a joint working group to examine the opportunities and the actions needed.

                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2016

                Sustainable mobility corridors between Portugal and Spain - CIRVE Project 2015-EU-TM-0409-S

                …and Mediterranean Core Network Corridors in Spain and Portugal (though the twinned Action "Cirve_PT" twinned Action 2015-PT-0433-S).

                 

                Its objective is to increase the use of electric vehicles in these two countries and France under a fully interoperable cross-border framework that allows electric vehicle users to transit from the north of Europe to the Iberian Peninsula, ensuring a link between the southern and northern parts of the EU.

                 

                A pilot study will be carried out to deploy 58 multi-standard quick charging points located (40 in Spain, 18 in Portugal) along the Iberian EU Corridors (Mediterranean…

                • Country

                Hong Kong

                Hong Kong

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Hong Kong Flag
                • Country

                Romania

                By 2020, the objective of Romania is to guarantee the efficient operation of its energy system under security conditions. Romania also plans to meet the obligations set by EU in terms of greenhouse gas emissions through its legislative package “Climate changes – renewable energies”.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Romania Flag
                • Country

                Angola

                Angola is set to become the largest producer of crude oil in Southern Africa, yet has also set the foundation for the sustainable development of renewables, through investments and supportive measures. Angola has particularly strong hydropower generation potential that remains underutilised.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Angola Flag
              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.