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The Future of Electricity in the Middle East and North Africa
Electricity demand in the MENA region This study analyses electricity demand in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and its evolution to 2035. MENA has long been a cornerstone of global energy supply. But the region is fast becoming a central character in the story of global energy demand, particularly that of electricity use. Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and rising temperatures are driving up electricity demand. Since 2000, MENA has become one of the top contributors to global electricity demand growth. The region’s climate, characterised by extreme heat and water scarcity, implies that reliable and resilient electricity…
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Artificial intelligence and EVs
GEVO 2026 - Chapter 8 Progress in AI and computing power is disproportionately benefiting EVs, particularly for automated driving and integrated vehicle control. Sensors and chips integrate well with the stable, high-voltage power supply of EV batteries. At the same time, the benefits of AI and increased computing power are not exclusive to EVs. AI‑enabled energy management systems are increasingly used to optimise hybrid vehicles, and AI techniques are accelerating the design, testing and optimisation of all vehicles. Advances in AI underpin progress in autonomous vehicles Just two decades ago, state-of-the-art autonomous vehicles were confined to test…
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Autonomous vehicles
GEVO 2026 - Chapter 8 Progress in AI and computing power is disproportionately benefiting EVs, particularly for automated driving and integrated vehicle control. Sensors and chips integrate well with the stable, high-voltage power supply of EV batteries. Electric vehicles lead in automation and advanced driver assistance Driving automation is at the forefront of software developments for cars today. While fully autonomous cars (Level 5 automation)) are not currently in sight, electric driverless taxis (Level 4) are already operating commercially in more than 20 cities worldwide. Moreover, automated driving systems are not limited to self-driving cars – they are also rapidly gaining…
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Malta
The National energy policy of Malta was launched in December 2012. It lists decisions and actions that have already been implemented as well as measures aiming to ensure the sustainability of Malta's energy sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Malaysia
In Malaysia, the share of gas in the power mix decreased from 67% in 2005 to 47% in 2015, led by policies to switch to coal in response to declining domestic gas production. The country holds a large share of Southeast Asia’s fossil fuel resources.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Namibia
Most of Namibia’s electricity is generated by hydropower. The country is also one of the ten-largest uranium resource-holders in the world and provides 8.2% of global production. The country has stated its interest in introducing nuclear power into its domestic mix.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg has a fossil fuel intensive energy mix driven by a high demand for transportation fuels, notably from transiting freight trucks and commuters. Despite this demand, the country is committed to reducing emissions. Its climate law sets targets for a 55% emission reduction by 2030 and climate neutrality target by 2050. The government has adopted numerous measures to push for energy transition, including a carbon tax which was introduced in 2020 and encouraging renewable generation through subsidies and auctions. Several programmes also support energy efficiency in buildings, industry and transportation, with a target for 49% of all passenger cars to…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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The State of Energy Innovation 2026
The second edition of The State of Energy Innovation turns the spotlight on the technologies, policies and funders at the forefront of energy technology development. It provides a comprehensive assessment of recent progress and emerging challenges in energy technology innovation, drawing on over 150 innovation highlights from 2025 and a survey of practitioners across more than 40 countries. It analyses trends in public and corporate R&D spending, venture capital flows, patenting and policy, as well as providing an update on progress towards the 18 IEA Races to First in energy innovation. This data-driven approach informs policy makers, industry…
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Renewables 2025
Analysis and forecasts to 2030 Renewables 2025 Renewables 2025 is the IEA's main annual report on the sector. It presents the latest forecasts and analysis, based on recent policy and market developments, while also exploring key challenges and opportunities facing the sector.This year’s edition provides forecasts for the deployment of renewable energy technologies in electricity, transport and heat through 2030. It also examines notable developments in key areas of the sector, including policy changes, manufacturing trends, and the financial health of different parts of the industry.
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Ensuring a Skilled Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Workforce
This report examines employment trends, skills needs, and skills gaps across renewable energy, grids, and energy efficiency. It highlights the increased demand for skilled workers in these sectors and the need to address skilled labour shortages. The report identifies barriers which are currently hindering energy education and training. It also discusses policy measures aimed at attracting more people to the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors and providing them with the necessary training. The report includes new IEA analysis on online job postings in renewable energy and energy efficiency, and IEA modelling on energy employment from 2024 as the last…
