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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Introduction and context
The conflict in the Middle East has created the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market. The volume of fuel supply offline now is higher than the supply loss during the oil shock of 1973 that led to the IEA’s creation and any disruption since then. Beyond the direct damage to energy infrastructure in the region, the crisis has led to a near halt in tanker movements through the Strait of Hormuz. Crude and oil product flows through the Strait have fallen from around 20 million barrels per day (mb/d) before the conflict to…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Road transport fuels
…is felt mainly on gasoline demand; however, in countries and regions such as Korea, India, and Europe, diesel use is also affected. The effects of working from home also vary by season, largely because of how air conditioning is used in cars. As a result, remote work helps conserve more oil during the warmer months.Impact: Commuting accounts for between 5% and 30% of car activity across regions. As not all jobs are suitable for working from home, at the national level, three additional remote working days, for those whose jobs allow for it, could reduce oil consumption from cars…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Regional insights
…monitoring is challenging. Several recent initiatives aim to address these gaps. Direct measurements of gas cooking stoves have revealed emissions far above the default level set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Meanwhile, work integrating satellite observations with Colombia’s national methane inventory has identified underreporting in the energy sector and offers a model for improving national inventories. The United Nations Environment Programme’s International Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO) is currently conducting a study on the sources of methane emissions in Colombia and the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) is supporting efforts to strengthen monitoring, reporting and…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Electricity
Electricity demand growth surged in 2024 Global electricity demand increased by 4.3% in 2024, a step change from the 2.5% growth seen in 2023. The average pace of electricity demand growth from 2010 to 2023 was 2.7%, double the rate of total energy demand growth over the same period. Electrification picked up across sectors, raising electricity demand in most major economies in 2024. China accounted for the largest share of electricity consumption growth, but increases were seen globallyAlmost all regions saw an acceleration in the rate of electricity consumption growth in 2024 compared with the annual average…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Policies
…oil and gas sector. These regulations are expected to further incentivise Canadian oil and gas operators to cut their methane emissions. China established a new air pollution standard for coalbed methane, requiring coal mine operators to capture gas that has a methane concentration of 8% or higher and a flow rate of 10 m³/min or more. This gas must be utilised or stored in gas tanks. If the gas cannot be utilised or stored, it must be destroyed. Brazil issued guidelines through its National Energy Policy Council that promote the decarbonisation of oil and gas activities, including minimising flaring and…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Outlook for electric mobility
…aims to hold up a mirror to the plans of policy makers and illustrate their consequences. The projections for EV markets in this year’s Global EV Outlook (GEVO-25) are limited to 2030 in the STEPS. As the IEA highlighted in its 2024 edition of Energy Technology Perspectives, energy, industrial and trade policies are increasingly interwoven and there are challenges and trade-offs between these key areas of public policy. The way these interactions play out for electric mobility over the longer term will therefore be assessed holistically in the context of the scenarios of the entire global energy…
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Introduction to biogas and biomethane
…in an oxygen-free environment. Its precise composition depends on the type of feedstock and the production pathway. The methane content of biogas typically ranges from 45% to 75% by volume. Biogas is usually produced using the following technologies: Biodigesters: These are airtight systems (e.g. containers or tanks) in which organic material is broken down by naturally occurring micro-organisms. Contaminants and moisture are usually removed before use of the biogas. Landfill gas recovery systems: The decomposition of municipal solid waste (MSW) under anaerobic conditions at landfill sites produces biogas (also known as “landfill gas”). This can be captured…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Power
…the Energy Transition Council expanded its support to Latin America to help countries in the region deliver ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), in addition to continued support for the COP 28 Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge.At the G20 Summit in Brazil in 2024, more than a dozen countries launched the Global Clean Power Alliance (GCPA) to speed up the deployment of low-emissions power generation. The GCPA Finance Mission was launched to close the financing gap in emerging markets and, in the lead-up to COP 30, the GCPA aims to define how high-quality investment planning can facilitate greater…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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What Next for the Global Car Industry Pathways to global EV cost-competitiveness
…been reduced by competition, especially for electric cars.Chinese carmakers are very cost-competitive, but incumbent manufacturers can build on their strengths in the global premium market and in emerging economies, where future growth is concentrated. Nevertheless, boosting competitiveness in electric car production will remain a priority for incumbent carmakers aiming to maintain a share of this market. Chinese carmakers have a significant technological advantage, but others could catch up by setting the right priorities for their comparatively high R&D budgets. Relying on yet-to-be-developed battery technologies to boost competitiveness is risky, however, and does not replace…
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Renewables 2022 Transport biofuels
…climate and energy security goals Total global biofuel demand expands by 35 000 MLPY or 20% over 2022-2027 in the main-case forecast. Growth in renewable diesel and biojet fuel consumption is almost entirely in advanced economies. Here, policies designed to reduce GHG emissions are driving demand because these fuels can be produced with low GHG emissions, blended at high levels and made from wastes and residues. In fact, nearly 70% of renewable diesel and biojet fuel came from wastes and residues in 2021. Meanwhile, rising ethanol and biodiesel use occurs almost entirely in emerging economies aiming to reduce…
