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Global Energy Review 2026 Global trends
…Oil contributed around 15%, followed by solid bioenergy and waste. Coal demand growth slowed, due to declines in China and India. In all, low-emissions sources contributed nearly 60% of total energy demand growth. This was despite almost no growth in hydropower due to poor hydrological conditions in some major regions. Demand for each of the three fossil fuels grew in 2025, albeit at a slower rate than in 2024. Coal demand increased by 0.4%, down from 1.4% in 2024 and translating to around 30 million tonnes (around 0.7 EJ) of additional consumption. Cooler weather and strong…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Energy Review 2026 Natural gas
…Total gas demand in buildings rose by around 3%. This increase was largely concentrated in the European Union and the United States, where colder winter weather resulted in higher space heating needs across the residential and services sectors.Global gas demand in the power sector grew by less than 1% in 2025. In the United States, higher natural gas prices supported gas-to-coal switching for electricity generation. In the Asia Pacific region, high spot LNG prices in the first half of the year, together with continued renewables growth and improving nuclear availability, slowed growth in gas use for power…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Energy Review 2026 CO2 emissions
…annual emissions trends were largely driven by weather effects. In advanced economies, colder winter conditions boosted heating demand, increasing natural gas consumption in buildings and the power sector. By contrast, reduced cooling needs in many emerging markets and developing economies moderated coal and electricity demand growth. On a weather-adjusted basis, CO2 emissions in advanced economies would have declined by around 0.5%, reflecting continued structural improvements in energy efficiency and clean energy deployment. In emerging markets and developing economies outside of China, emissions would have increased by around 1.7% as weather played a substantial role in curbing emissions…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Understanding methane emissions
…global methane emissions reached around 610 million tonnes (Mt) in 2020, with human activity accounting for almost two-thirds of the total and natural sources making up the rest. The energy sector accounts for around 40% of methane emissions from human activity International Energy Agency (IEA) analysis suggests the energy sector emitted nearly 150 Mt of methane in 2025. Coal production was responsible for 39 Mt, while inactive mines accounted for around 4 Mt and end-use equipment about 1 Mt. Oil operations accounted for around 44 Mt and natural gas activities for close to 34 Mt, while abandoned wells added a further 3.5 Mt…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Policy trends
…federal architecture, oil and gas producing provinces can receive an exemption from the federal regulations, provided the province enacts regulations that are as strict and ambitious as the federal ones. Through these enhanced regulations, Canada seeks to reduce oil and gas emissions by 72% by 2030 (compared to 2012 levels), though this will depend on the strength of provincial regulations.The European Union’s Methane Regulation began to take partial effect, introducing requirements for LDAR, source-level emissions quantification, and a ban on venting from coal mine drainage systems. The bloc’s import standard also came into force in May 2025, requiri...
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Strategies to speed action
…Even so, cutting these emissions remains a priority – especially for coking coal, which is harder to replace than steam coal and is often mined underground, where abatement is more feasible. Underground mines also have fewer potential point sources of emissions than surface mines or oil and gas operations. Monitoring equipment is already widely used in ventilation shafts for safety, making data easier to collect. That, in turn, can support mine-level plans to use or abate the gas.Most of the coal industry has yet to commit to tracking or reducing its methane emissions. Some companies take part in initiatives…
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Renewables in District Energy Executive summary
…remains largely fossil fuel-based, with around two-thirds of consumption in energy-importing countries, exposing consumers to price volatility and geopolitical supply risks. While efficiency improvements – including the shift to combined heat and power – have reduced emissions intensity, overall fossil fuel use remains high. Coal accounts for around half of global district heat production, with natural gas contributing close to one-third, reflecting continued reliance on legacy infrastructure and established supply chains, particularly in China and Eastern Europe. Existing networks provide a platform for fuel switching and the integration of renewables and waste heat, making district energy a key…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy in Southeast Asia
…risks. Fossil fuel subsidies in the region were around USD 40 billion prior to the crisis and are set to rise sharply in 2026, underlining the continuing political pull of emergency support when international prices increase.Fossil fuels continue to dominate the region’s energy mix, with coal playing the largest role in recent growth. Total energy demand is around 40% higher than in 2015, and fossil fuels have supplied most of the increase. Coal has expanded particularly rapidly, with demand rising by 8% per year, increasing its share in the energy mix from 20% in 2015 to 30% today…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Energy outlook to 2050 based on today’s policy settings
…Industry remains the largest end-use sector, supported by expanding manufacturing and energy-intensive production. To 2035, Southeast Asia is one of the world’s fastest growing regions for aluminium iron and steel production, with output rising by 70%. This reinforces demand for electricity, coal and natural gas, while the young age of industrial assets limits near-term opportunities for fuel switching. In transport, electric vehicles and biofuels curb oil demand growth, avoiding around 1 mb/d of oil demand by 2035 together, reducing exposure to import price volatility and saving roughly USD 25 billion in oil imports, but road freight…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 Southeast Asia’s energy challenges and emerging opportunities
…fuel import bill to around half this level. Renewables, electrification and efficiency therefore offer long-term security as well as emissions benefits. Developing domestic oil and gas resources where geologically and economically viable, and enhancing the resilience of oil supply through diversification and refinery system flexibility also contribute region’s resilient energy system. Some countries turn to coal when gas prices spike, but coal use entails broader risks, including CO₂ emissions and air pollution, which contributed to an estimated 330 000 premature deaths in 2024. Measures implemented as of 7 May 2026. FX = foreign exchange. CB = central bank…