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Pledges to Progress 2025 Recommendations
…and gas production, the degree of cost-effectiveness in pursuing reductions, and the uptake among industry, investors and others suggest that all stakeholders are well aware of the opportunity for climate mitigation and operational efficiency.In many cases, large improvements in company scores could be achieved with better reporting and increased transparency, especially since companies are likely to be doing more than they are disclosing. This would also provide assurances to external stakeholders that the industry is turning its public pledges into action. Specific actions where improvements could make meaningful differences include:Encourage companies to sign the Oil and Gas…
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Venezuela
The Venezuela Plan for the National Electric System aims to integrate renewables in the power system by including it in medium and long-term strategies. It aims to develop the use of renewables within isolated rural communities including solar, small hydro and biogas.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![Venezuela Flag]()
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Heating
…s transition to secure and sustainable heating. Increased policy support and incentives for heat pumps in light of high natural gas prices and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions were key drivers behind the strong uptake.
In Europe, heat pumps enjoyed a record year, with sales growing by nearly 40%. In particular, sales of air-to-water models, which are compatible with typical radiators and underfloor heating systems, jumped by almost 50% in Europe. In the United States, heat pump purchases exceeded those of gas furnaces, while in China, the world’s largest heat pump market, sales remained stable.
Heat…
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Oil Market Report - July 2025
…markets in a meaningful way given tighter fundamentals. Disconnects Benchmark crude oil prices rose by around $7/bbl on average in June, trading in a wide range between $65/bbl and $80/bbl. Israel’s air strikes on Iranian military and nuclear targets sent prices soaring mid-month, with North Sea Dated briefly surpassing $80/bbl before returning to pre-conflict levels after a ceasefire accord was reached. At the time of writing, Dated was trading just above $72/bbl, down $15/bbl on a year ago.Escalating geopolitical tensions were set against a backdrop of an apparently oversupplied market…
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Industry
…or rebalanced.
Create a market for near zero-emission industrial products to incentivise uptake of innovative production processes, and develop supporting infrastructure
Creating demand for near zero-emission materials allows firms to be confident that if they invest in near zero-emission production technologies, there will be a buyer for their products. In the near term, time-limited demand creation for low-emission materials – which achieve substantial emission reductions but are not yet at near zero-emissions – can be an important step to catalyse the transition.Initial policies should guarantee long-term support for early market entrants – examples include carbon…
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Chile 2050 Energy Transition Roadmap
World Energy Outlook Special report Chile has made significant strides in its energy transition, towards its ambitious long-term goals and it stands at a pivotal moment in its energy journey, possessing remarkable renewable and critical mineral resources. The Chile 2050 Energy Transition Roadmap, produced at the request of the Government of Chile, and in close collaboration with the Chilean Ministry of Energy, sets out a detailed pathway for the country to reach its legally binding goal of net zero emissions by 2050 while expanding economic growth and improving energy security and affordability. This pathway relies on four pillars: accelerating…
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Emission reductions
…reduce inequality. In households that lack access to clean cooking, air pollution is linked to around 3.7 million premature deaths a year. Replacing open fires and inefficient stoves with cleaner, more modern stoves and fuels reduces household air pollution and improves efficiency. Indoor air pollution from liquid petroleum gas (LPG) cookstoves is only around 5% of pollution from traditional biomass, while being over three times more efficient. Switching from LPG to electric cooking would further reduce indoor air pollution by 25% and is over 1.5 times more efficient. Need more information? IEA (2024), Energy Efficiency 2024.IEA (2023), A…
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Georgia
Georgia has developed an energy sector based largely on hydropower and fuelwood, in addition to imports of fossil fuels. It is also an important transit country for the region, with major oil and gas pipelines running across Georgian territory. Efforts are required to improve energy efficiency and capitalise on the country’s renewable energy potential.
Georgia has made solid progress in the past decade, both in improving the security of its energy supply and in transitioning to a cleaner, more sustainable energy system. Although Georgia is still confronted with many challenges in its transition to a more secure, sustainable and…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![Georgia Flag]()
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Coal 2025
…of different trends could shape coal markets in the years ahead.On the one hand, recent policy changes supporting coal could drive consumption higher, as could surging electricity demand in economies across the world, since two-thirds of global coal use today is for power generation. On the other, the rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity – particularly in China, the world’s biggest coal consumer – has the potential to curb demand. At the same time, the coming wave of liquefied natural gas (LNG) export capacity, which is likely to bring more abundant supplies and lower prices to natural gas markets…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026
The IEA's Global Hydrogen Review 2026 provides an update on hydrogen production and demand worldwide and identifies the latest developments relating to policy, infrastructure, trade, investments and innovation.The report is an output of the Clean Energy Ministerial Hydrogen Initiative and is intended to provide an update to energy sector stakeholders on the status and future prospects of hydrogen, and to inform discussions at the Hydrogen Energy Ministerial Meeting organised by Japan.The conflict in the Middle East is impacting global supplies of hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives, such as fertilisers, exposing vulnerabilities in their supply chains. As energy security…
