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Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business Quality and reputation
…and improve production quality Energy efficiency improvements often involve tighter control and optimisation of production processes. By improving precision and stability in how equipment operates, firms can reduce variability in output and limit the occurrence of defects. These effects are particularly important in manufacturing sectors where small deviations can affect product quality and increase waste.For example, an industrial bakery in Switzerland implemented a highly efficient centralised cooling system with CO₂-refrigerant and advanced controls. The system allowed for a more constant controlled temperature and reduced downtime, improving product quality and consistency, all while reducing energy costs and embodied refrigerant…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Regional insights
…measures taken by countries and companies to deliver on existing pledges such as the World Bank Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 Initiative or the Global Methane Pledge, and near zero upstream methane targets set as part of the OGDC or the OGMP 2.0. In the NZE Scenario, fossil fuel methane emissions in the region fall by around 75% by 2030 and by 85% by 2035, with comprehensive action to deploy all methane abatement measures in the industry. China China is the world’s largest emitter of methane and coal mines are its main source of energy-sector methane emissions…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025 Road transport
…cars or vans, followed by trucks (about one-third), and buses and 2/3 wheelers just 7%.Since 2015, emissions in emerging economies (excluding China) have risen sharply, at over 18%, compared to 2.5% in the rest of the world. Cost Closing the purchase price gap between electric and conventional cars is essential for mass adoption. Declining battery costs and growing market competition are driving improvements in affordability.Electric car affordability improved across all major markets between 2021 and 2024. In China, around two-thirds of electric cars were cheaper than their conventional counterparts in 2024. Deployment Electric car…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key findings
…analysis. It provides detailed country- and region-specific supply curves for over 30 types of feedstocks through careful mapping of feedstock density and proximity to infrastructure such as roads, electricity grids and gas pipelines. Policy momentum for biogases has grown since the first landmark International Energy Agency (IEA) report in 2020, with more than 50 new policies introduced around the world. High natural gas prices during the height of the global energy crisis in 2022 strengthened interest in the potential for biogases, driving growth in biogas consumption. Today’s sustainable production potential for biogases is nearly 1 000 bcme, equivalent…
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Global Methane Tracker 2026 Understanding methane emissions
Atmospheric methane concentrations continue to rise Methane (CH4) is the second-most harmful greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2), trapping outgoing heat and warming the atmosphere through a process known as radiative forcing. Though it lingers in the atmosphere for far less time (12 years, compared with centuries for CO2), methane absorbs substantially more energy while it does. Cutting methane emissions therefore promises significant near-term climate benefits. Methane carries other hazards, too: it contributes to the formation of ground-level (tropospheric) ozone, a harmful pollutant, and methane leaks can also pose explosion risks.Atmospheric methane concentrations today are 2…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Trade and infrastructure
…to the design of subsequent rounds.Around 37 000 km of hydrogen pipelines have been announced to 2035, but less than 6% have reached final investment decision (FID). Most projects are in Europe and China, where the world’s longest, largest-diameter hydrogen pipelines are currently being built. In Germany, work began on repurposing a 400 km section of a natural gas pipeline in 2025, in a world-first repurposing project of this scale.If all announced underground hydrogen storage projects are realised by 2035, around 11 TWh of capacity (325 kt H₂) will be available. However, only 5% has reached FID or is under construction…
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Policy recommendations for the coming 2-3 years
…of success and reduce the likelihood of delays, since fewer new elements are introduced at a time. If renewables deployment precedes hydrogen deployment, it can reduce uncertainties around the cost estimates for hydrogen projects, since data would be based on real projects. It could also allow for a process of standardisation and economies of scale that unlock lower electricity costs, which are the dominant driver for hydrogen production costs. Undertake the preparatory analyses that will form the basis for later deployment Such studies require relatively little investment when compared to large-scale projects, but they are essential to inform the…
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Taking stock of the effect of war
…2022. These wider macroeconomic risks will undoubtedly affect hydrogen projects.The cost of reconstruction in the energy sector has been previously estimated at USD 68 billion (40% of 2024 GDP), a fraction of the nearly USD 0.5 trillion required for reconstruction. Public debt reached nearly 100% of GDP at the end of 2024, with 80% in foreign currency. Ukraine is expected to have a fiscal deficit until at least 2033, and external finance will be needed. Foreign grants and development finance may be a source of public support for hydrogen projects, but will face competing needs for restoration elsewhere in the energy system…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Five key questions about hydrogen
…and early 2000s. However, a deeper analysis reveals a different story. Despite falling short of the ambitious targets from the early 2020s, the sector is achieving remarkable milestones that demonstrate clear progress.The scale of electrolyser projects is growing fast. In 2021, the world's largest reached 30 MW. In 2025, a 500 MW project was commissioned in China, and Saudi Arabia's NEOM project is targeting 2 GW to be operative by 2027 – a 75-fold increase in just six years. Considering only projects that are operational, under construction or have reached a final investment decision, low-emissions hydrogen production can grow…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Accelerating industry action
Current oil and gas industry initiatives on methane A growing number of oil and gas companies have set methane targets, joining initiatives such as the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership 2.0 (OGMP 2.0), the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI), the Oil and Gas Decarbonization Charter (OGDC), and the Methane Guiding Principles. OGMP 2.0 is the flagship oil and gas reporting and mitigation initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Since 2023, around 20 new companies joined OGMP 2.0, bringing coverage to just over 40% of global oil and gas production.OGCI’s Aiming for Zero…