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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Road transport fuels
…road transport fuel demand and, as a result, lower oil use. 1. Work from home where possible Description: Working from home can reduce oil consumption from private vehicles used to commute. While not all jobs are suitable for working from home, it can be an effective measure when the job allows for it. In advanced economies, about one-third of jobs are suitable for remote work, while in emerging markets and developing economies, this figure is closer to one-fifth. Working from home affects oil consumption differently across regions, depending on commute distance, car occupancy and average fuel consumption of…
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World Energy Outlook 2022 Outlook for solid fuels
…invasion of Ukraine. Russia was responsible for around half of the coal imports in the European Union in 2021, but that trading relationship ended with the EU ban on Russian coal imports. Meanwhile there have been limited short-term fuel switching opportunities to ease demand pressures. The overall result is that global coal prices reached historic highs in the first-half of 2022. Key findings Global coal demand rebounded strongly in 2021 to 5 640 million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce) as economies recovered from the pandemic and coal-fired power generation reached a historic high in 2021. Both China and…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Africa
…spending on clean energy remained relatively flat at less than USD 30 billion per year until 2021. Since then, growth has intensified, driven by clean energy investment, especially in low-emissions power. Global technology cost reductions have improved the competitiveness of clean energy and solar PV now represents the least-cost source of power in many African countries. This has led to a tripling of private sector clean energy investment, rising from around USD 17 billion in 2019 to almost USD 40 billion in 2024. Public and development finance (DFI) funding for energy projects in Africa has fallen by approximately…
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Clean Energy Technology Supply Chain Data Executive summary
Energy security in the Age of Electricity is inextricably linked to securing the supply chains for clean energy technologies and the equipment and materials used to manufacture them. As countries continue to pursue energy transitions and make investments in the deployment and manufacturing of these technologies – guided by industrial strategies – a detailed understanding of their supply chains has an essential role to play.The availability of good-quality, timely data is crucial to understanding clean energy technology supply chains and addressing vulnerabilities. Risks to supply chains can arise from interdependencies across technologies and between geographies, among other factors. Today, the…
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Financing the Modernisation of Power Systems Beyond Coal Executive summary
…generation in the region is expected to decline over the coming decade as renewables expand rapidly, coal-fired power generation is anticipated to remain important for system adequacy, reliability and energy security. Recent disruptions in gas markets have reinforced this role, with governments in Southeast Asia increasing coal-fired power generation to maintain electricity supply and manage fuel supply risks.If operated for typical lifetimes and utilisation rates, the existing worldwide coal fleet would emit 330 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon dioxide (CO2) to 2100 – more than the historical emissions to date of all coal-fired power plants that have ever operated…
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Financing Clean Energy in Africa Clean energy investment landscape: setting the scene
…hikes, this has driven up debt servicing costs, which are now double the level of clean energy investment across the continent as a whole. Energy sector-specific risks vary significantly by country, technology and financing provider. One of the primary difficulties for utility-scale renewable or grid projects has been offtaker risk, with only about one in three utilities in Africa able to cover their operational and debt servicing costs. This increases transmission risk due to underinvestment in grid infrastructure. Decentralised solutions play a critical role, but advancing them can face regulatory hurdles or finance ill-adapted to supporting them.
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Financing Clean Energy in Africa Executive summary
…USD 90 billion by 2030, at which point nearly two-thirds of spending would go to clean energy. Energy investment in Africa has been falling in recent years. Spending on fossil fuels – which has typically accounted for around two-thirds of investment – has declined and clean energy investment has remained flat. This report explores the continent’s investment needs under the Sustainable Africa Scenario (SAS) developed in the IEA’s Africa Energy Outlook 2022. The scenario considers the diverse needs of different African countries and sectors and lays out a pathway to achieve the energy-related Sustainable Development Goals, including universal access…
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Gaining an Edge Energy demand and competitiveness
…or relocate, due to shifting decisions on long-term investment.Energy efficiency offers a way to structurally lower energy costs year after year, while providing the same or, in many cases, improved output. Investing in efficiency can also help firms to create or safeguard jobs, lower emissions, and achieve a more durable competitive advantage. In the industrial sector, which accounts for 21% of world GDP (worth over USD 20 trillion), growing energy demand and rising trade pressures are placing energy – and the role of energy efficiency – at the heart of discussions on competitiveness. For highly energy-intensive industries, managing energy…
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Appliances
Introduction Appliances represent 45% of electricity demand in buildings and are responsible for almost 3 gigatons (Gt) of CO₂ emissions. Doubling the global annual energy intensity improvement by 2030 would require appliances to become 30% to 40% more efficient. An integrated policy approach combining regulation, information and incentives is the most effective way to achieve this goal. Regulations such as minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) can ensure that the least efficient equipment is not sold on the market. MEPS also encourage suppliers to increase the efficiency of the appliances they produce, accelerating the improvement of efficiency on the market. In…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry The importance of the growth in EV sales for the car industry
…car sales to 9% in 2024, almost double the share in 2023. For the same output power, an electric drive is about 60% cheaper, nearly 3 times lighter and generally requires less space than a comparable ICE powertrain. The costs of storage are vastly different: while the fuel tank of an ICE car costs around USD 200, a battery costs around USD 6 500 on average. The value of materials used in a battery electric car is up to 60% higher than in an ICE car, due to the critical mineral content. Demand for refined battery minerals, the supply of which tends to…
