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Powering Ireland’s Energy Future Executive summary
Ireland faces strategic choices to align its energy, climate and socio-economic goals through 2035 Over the next decade, decision makers in Ireland will need to balance a range of trends and policy ambitions that have strong implications for the power sector. Ireland has set a range of policy goals spanning the next decade, from improving energy security by reducing its reliance on imported fossil fuels, to meeting its climate targets, expanding its housing stock, and supporting the growth of digital infrastructure such as data centres. These ambitions all have strong links to the country's power sector, with implications…
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap Unlocking the opportunity - A roadmap for action
…a valuable opportunity for Ukraine in the long term. Taking advantage of this opportunity will require action outside and within the energy sector to improve the business case for hydrogen projects. Looking at the economy, improving revenues and public finance and debt management will be crucial to balance the public budget and enable the necessary investments in reconstruction. From the perspective of restoring energy supply, the power sector must be a key priority in order to ensure energy security and capacity adequacy. From the lens of decarbonisation, hydrogen has a key role to play in sectors where emissions are harde...
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Introduction to biogas and biomethane
…conditions at landfill sites produces biogas (also known as “landfill gas”). This can be captured using pipes and extraction wells along with compressors to induce flow to a central collection point. Wastewater treatment plants: These can be equipped with anaerobic digesters to stabilise and reduce the volume of sewage sludge. Wastewater facilities can also treat wastes from bio-based industries such as pulp and paper. Biomethane (sometimes also referred to as a “renewable natural gas”) is a near-pure source of methane, and so is extremely similar to natural gas. It is produced mainly through biogas upgrading by removing CO2…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Southeast Asia
…121 GW of installed capacity in 2025. Assuming 25 years of economic lifetime, the capital yet to be recovered from coal plants in 2025 amounts to more than USD 130 billion, which could expose operators to stranded asset risks as energy transitions accelerate. Achieving orderly and just energy transitions would require a combination of financial approaches to scale up clean energy and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, especially the managed phase-out of coal-fired power plants with transition finance. Southeast Asia is playing a growing role in clean energy manufacturing supply chains. In 2023 Viet Nam, Thailand and Malaysia were the world…
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Global Energy Review 2025 Key findings
Global energy demand grew by 2.2% in 2024 – faster than the average rate over the past decade. Demand for all fuels and technologies expanded in 2024. The increase was led by the power sector as electricity demand surged by 4.3%, well above the 3.2% growth in global GDP, driven by record temperatures, electrification and digitalisation. Renewables accounted for the largest share of the growth in global energy supply (38%), followed by natural gas (28%), coal (15%), oil (11%) and nuclear (8%).Emerging and developing economies accounted for over 80% of global energy demand growth. In China, growth…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 3 pages
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Policies
…it must be destroyed. Brazil issued guidelines through its National Energy Policy Council that promote the decarbonisation of oil and gas activities, including minimising flaring and eliminating routine flaring. The guidelines also call for measures to reduce methane leaks from oil and gas operations.Kazakhstan is developing regulations to reduce methane emissions from the fossil fuel sector, including by eliminating non-emergency methane venting, requiring leak detection and repair (LDAR), and establishing a measurement, monitoring, reporting and verification (MMRV) framework. The European Union adopted its Methane Regulation on emissions reduction in the energy sector, which includes mandatory MMRV requirements f...
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Electricity 2026 Flexibility
…to higher battery deployment, to refining price signals, including offering free electricity to customers. Demand response offers breakthrough benefits, yet its potential is largely untapped With the share of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources in electricity supply rising rapidly in many regions and end-use sectors such as heating and transport becoming progressively more electrified, demand flexibility has become an essential component for power systems. In this evolving energy landscape, demand response (DR) programmes are becoming an increasingly important flexibility tool, enabling households and businesses to shift or shed their electricity use in response to grid or market signals.In…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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The State of Energy Innovation 2025 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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The State of Energy Innovation 2026 Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
Interactive: Highlights in energy innovation
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Global Energy and Climate Model Accelerating Clean Cooking and Electricity Services Scenario (ACCESS)
…productivity and hinders socioeconomic development. It also perpetuates the use of traditional biomass, with damaging consequences for health and the environment.The Accelerating Clean Cooking and Electricity Services Scenario (ACCESS) charts a path to achieve universal access to clean cooking and electricity based on the best rates of progress achieved historically. The ACCESS prioritises cost-effective and proven measures to improve access, considering all relevant fuels and technologies, and the infrastructure, policies and financing needed to scale them up. It draws on new modelling developed by the IEA based on a country-by-country analysis. It examines distinct pathways for…
