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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Conclusion and lessons learned
Market environment is structurally and geopolitically more fragile One of the primary and most fundamental consequences of the energy crisis is the shift into a structurally more fragile natural gas market environment, compounded by geopolitical uncertainty. The drastic reduction in Russian pipeline flows to Europe also represented a loss of traded gas volumes in the global market. Concurrently, this drove an equally significant reduction in the availability of swing production capacity that had previously provided a degree of price-responsive supply modulation to both the European and global markets. In turn, this led to an increased reliance on LNG trade…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Regional insights
Diverse priorities, diverse pathways This chapter explores energy sector trends and priorities in countries and regions that cumulatively account for around 90% of the world’s population, GDP and energy demand. Priorities, objectives and national circumstances vary widely between and within regions, but two trends that are visible in most parts of the world are a rise in the electrification of end-uses, and a rise in the share of renewables in electricity generation. Energy trends in advanced economies are shaped by the structure of their economies, and by high average incomes and rates of vehicle and appliance ownership. Overall…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Eurasia
Eurasia has seen a significant decline in oil investment since 2015, although fossil fuels maintain their dominance in the region's energy mix Fossil fuels dominate the overall energy production and investment mix in Eurasia. Countries in the region face common challenges, including significant temperature swings from harsh winter conditions to warm summers, ageing infrastructure and often inefficient patterns of energy use: the energy intensity of Eurasia’s GDP is around 70% higher than the global average. Annual energy investment in Eurasia was almost USD 190 billion in 2015, but has since followed a downward trend, reaching its lowest point in the…
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Togo
Less than half of the Togolese population has access to electricity. The country has a relatively diversified energy mix and more than 13% of its final energy consumption comes from renewable supplies of energy, mainly hydropower.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Outlook for Biogas and Biomethane Key issues affecting biogas and biomethane projects
…However, estimates put the methane leakage rate of agricultural biogas plants between 2% and 5.5%, and wastewater treatment plants at nearly 8%. To put these figures in context, the global average methane emissions leakage rate for oil and gas production was around 1.2% in 2024. Several strategies exist for reducing methane emissions from biogas: best practices during production (e.g. reducing filling levels in the digester to avoid emergency pressure releases of gas), covered storage of digestate, combustion of off-gases during biomethane upgrading to capture biogenic CO2, and use of leak and repair programmes to resolve issues…
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Qatar
Qatar is a major producer and exporter of natural gas, oil and oil products. Its domestic oil and gas productions entirely cover the country’s energy needs.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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An Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Colombia Executive summary
…indicators of living standards for Colombia’s population: access to clean cooking and electricity have significantly improved, both standing at more than 90% in 2024; the country’s poverty rate has fallen from 24% in 2000 to below 8%. Fossil fuel exports have been important for its economic growth… In Colombia’s economy, exports are mostly driven by natural resources and less by high-value goods. While the service and agriculture sectors account for a high share of Colombia’s GDP, fossil fuels still comprised 10% of GDP and 45% of total exports in 2024, despite declining production trends…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Summary
The conflict in the Middle East has created the largest supply disruption in the history of the global oil market, due to the near halt in shipping traffic through the Strait of Hormuz. Some 15 million barrels of crude oil and 5 million barrels of oil products typically traversed the Strait each day, equivalent to around 20% of global oil consumption. These flows have slowed to a trickle. The loss of supply is having significant impacts in global markets, pushing up prices for crude oil above $100/barrel, and leading to much higher prices for some refined products – notably diesel…
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World Energy Investment 2025 Latin America and the Caribbean
…nearly 25%, reaching USD 70 billion in 2025. Chile, Colombia and Costa Rica accounted for the largest increase, given the doubling of renewable investment flowing into the three countries. Brazil played a significant role in building momentum behind clean energy investment, thanks to the county’s enabling environment for investment in small-scale solar PV and bioenergy, further accelerated by the enactment of the Future Fuel Law in 2024. Over the same period, fossil fuel investment decreased by more than 20%, to more than USD 90 billion a year, with Brazil, Argentina and Mexico accounting for almost 70% of the total. However, the region…
