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Contributor
Nadhilah Shani
Head of Power Generation and Interconnection Department, ASEAN Centre for Energy.
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Fuel report
Dec 2025
Coal 2025 Trade
International coal trade is set to decline in 2025 International coal trade grew by 3% in 2024, reaching a new record of 1 544 Mt. This growth was driven by increases in both thermal coal (up 26 Mt to 1 176 Mt) and met coal (up 21 Mt to 368 Mt). Coal trade accounted for approximately 18% of global coal demand, with thermal coal making up more than three-quarters of total traded volumes. Seaborne trade continued to dominate, representing over 90% of global coal trade in 2024.The Asia Pacific region further strengthened its dominance, accounting for 85% of global coal imports in 2024. China led…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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Contributor
Konstantinos Dimopoulos
Associate in the Climate Strategy and Delivery unit at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Mr. Konstantinos Dimopoulos is an Associate in the Climate Strategy and Delivery unit at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). He is responsible for advancing sustainable investments in the Green Buildings and Information and Communication Technology sectors across the Bank’s countries of operation. From 2013 to 2016, he worked as a Sustainable Development Consultant, assisting public sector organizations in Greece to reduce their carbon footprint and transition to sustainable growth. From 2017 to 2021, he worked in the engineering and real estate sectors in London. Mr. Dimopoulos holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Patras and an MBA from the Athens University of Economics and Business.
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- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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+ 3 pages
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Contributor
Timur Gül
Chief Energy Technology Officer. Timur Gül, a German national, was appointed Chief Energy Technology Officer of the International Energy Agency (IEA) in October 2023. In this capacity, he oversees IEA analysis of innovative new and emerging clean energy technologies and their supply chains across a range of sectors. Mr. Gül is also Head of the Energy Technology Policy Division, with responsibility for the IEA’s flagship technology publication Energy Technology Perspectives, the IEA Energy Innovation Forum, the IEA’s Technology and Innovation Advisory Board as well as the IEA’s Technology Collaboration network.Having joined the IEA in 2009, Mr. Gül previously was a lead author of the IEA’s World Energy Outlook (WEO). Prior to his time at the IEA, he was a researcher at Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland.Timur Gül holds a PhD from the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (ETH) Zurich in Switzerland. He also holds a Master degree in Environmental Engineering from the Royal Institute...
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