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World Energy Outlook 2025
…relevant responses. For example, instead of asking "Tell me about energy trends," try, "Summarize the key findings on renewable energy capacity from the World Energy Outlook 2025."Ask one question at a time: To ensure clarity and focus, ask one question at a time. This helps the agent provide a more precise and helpful response. If the response isn’t what you expected, rephrase or refine your query to better guide the agent.Provide context when needed: If your question relates to a specific section or chapter of the World Energy Outlook 2025, mention it in your prompt. For example…
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World Energy Outlook 2025 Executive summary
…Energy Outlook presents multiple scenarios, none of which is a forecast. The framework presented in this Outlook is based on the latest and most comprehensive data on policies, technologies and markets, together with rigorous modelling. This allows readers to explore the implications of different choices and pathways. Scenarios The World Energy Outlook 2025 (WEO-2025) has three main scenarios. Two of these set starting conditions and then examine where they lead – the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) and the Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS). A third, the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) Scenario, maps out a pathway to achieve specific energy…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE)
…do the NZE scenario relate to the pursuit of a 1.5 °C outcome? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group III Sixth Assessment Report on Mitigation of Climate Change , released in April 2022, assessed a large number of scenarios that led to at least a 50% chance of limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 °C in 2100. As outlined in the World Energy Outlook 2025, in contrast with previous editions, the NZE Scenario is no longer a limited-overshoot scenario, as warming peaks at over 1.6 °C and remains above 1.5 °C for several decades before fall...
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026
The Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2026 is the seventh edition of this World Energy Outlook Special Report, making Southeast Asia by far the most regularly updated regional outlook compiled by the International Energy Agency (IEA). This reflects the dynamism of the region, as well as the importance of the IEA’s partnership with the eleven countries that make up the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste (joined ASEAN in 2025) and Viet Nam.As energy security concerns move ever higher on…
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Grid investments
…Implementing energy efficiency and demand response measures can decrease and shift peak demand to less congested periods when electricity prices are lower and there is less stress on grid infrastructure. Demand response has seen rising uptake around the world, but further electrification and demand decarbonisation are expected to significantly increase its importance. For instance, in Australia, where various mechanisms have been successfully demonstrated, the value of demand response capacity could reach USD 11 billion per year by 2042. Globally, it could provide up to 50% of short-term flexibility needs in 2050. Need more information? IEA (2024), World Energy Outlook 2024.IEA…
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Jobs
…share of energy sector jobs than in areas with lower unemployment. Meanwhile, other energy sector jobs are more prevalent in areas with lower unemployment rates. Energy efficiency investments also contribute to enhance the quality of jobs in other industries. Firms that invest in energy efficiency can significantly improve the quality of the working environment, with efficient lighting that provides increased visual comfort, or efficient ventilation systems that enhance air quality. By freeing up businesses’ spending through reduced energy bills, energy efficiency helps minimise cost pressures and supports employers in safeguarding jobs. Need more information? IEA (2020), World Energy Outlook Special…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Announced Pledges Scenario (APS)
The 2025 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) does not include the Announced Pledges Scenario. Our assessment of the new round of NDCs due this year, generally the period to 2035, will follow once there is a more complete picture of these pledges.The Announced Pledges Scenario (APS), introduced in 2021, illustrates the extent to which announced ambitions and targets can deliver the emissions reductions needed to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. In the WEO-2024, the APS includes all recent major national announcements as of the end of August 2024, both 2030 targets and longer-term net zero…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Current Policies Scenario (CPS)
The 2025 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) reintroduces the Current Policies Scenario (CPS). It was a regular feature of the International Energy Agency suite of scenarios until the WEO-2020, when it was discontinued amid turmoil in energy markets and rapid changes in the policy landscape during the Covid-19 pandemic. Now that the world has passed through the pandemic and the global energy crisis triggered at the outset of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, there is merit in revisiting the CPS. The scenario relies only on measures that are formally written into existing legislation and regulation, and…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Understanding GEC Model scenarios
…term outlook publications – including the World Energy Outlook (WEO) and Energy Technology Perspectives (ETP) – use a scenario approach relying on the Global Energy and Climate (GEC) Model to examine future energy trends.Each scenario has the same starting point and is based on the latest data for energy supply and demand, markets, technology costs and policies, as well as the same pathways for future population and economic growth.The energy system described and explored in each scenario evolves in a distinctive pathway that delivers energy services with a different mix of technologies and fuels, with varying implications for energy security…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Techno-economic inputs
…the remaining technical recoverable resources of fossil fuels remain similar to those in the World Energy Outlook 2024. All fuels are at a level sufficient to meet the projections of global energy demand growth to 2050 in all scenarios. Remaining technically recoverable resources of US tight oil (crude plus condensate) total more than 210 billion barrels. Natural gas resource numbers remain broadly similar to those of last year. Most of the remaining technically recoverable resources lie in the Eurasia, the Middle East and the United States.World coal resources are made up of various types of coal: around 80% is steam…