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Mozambique 2024
…Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Mozambique and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA Member countries to assess Mozambique’s most pressing energy sector challenges and provide recommendations on how to address them, backed by international best practices. The report also highlights areas where Mozambique’s leadership can serve as an example in promoting secure and clean energy transitions. It also promotes the exchange of best practices among countries to foster learning, build consensus and strengthen political will for a sustainable and affordable energy…
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World Energy Investment 2025
…World Energy Investment report, marks the 10th edition of this flagship analysis and provides a full update on the investment picture in 2024 and an initial reading of the emerging picture for 2025.The report provides a global benchmark for tracking capital flows in the energy sector and examines how investors are assessing risks and opportunities across all areas of fuel and electricity supply, critical minerals, efficiency, research and development and energy finance.The report highlights several key aspects of the current investment landscape in the context of recent policy and macroeconomic developments and a heightened focus on energy security…
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Brazil 2025
…Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Brazil and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA Member countries to assess Brazil’s most pressing energy sector challenges and provide recommendations on how to address them, backed by international best practices. The report also highlights areas where Brazil’s leadership can serve as an example in promoting secure and clean energy transitions. It also promotes the exchange of best practices among countries to foster learning, build consensus and strengthen political will for a sustainable and affordable energy…
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Kenya 2024
…the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review of Kenya was prepared in collaboration between the government of Kenya and the IEA, whose strong partnership achieved an important milestone in 2023 when Kenya joined the IEA family as an Association country.The review leverages the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA member countries to assess Kenya’s most pressing energy challenges and provide recommendations backed by international best practices, especially as Kenya revises its 2018 Energy Policy to…
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Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report, 2026
This report is published by the SDG 7 custodian agencies, the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the World Bank, and the World Health Organization (WHO), and aims to provide the international community with a global dashboard to register progress on energy access, energy efficiency, renewable energy and international cooperation to advance SDG 7.
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Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit
…The Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit was subsequently developed to also integrate concrete, sector-specific guidance, along with best practices from around the world.Ten strategic principlesBased on the IEA’s analysis of best practices and the work of the Global Commission for Urgent Action on Energy Efficiency, the following strategic principles can help guide policymakers to enhance and expand their energy efficiency policies and programmes, and to accelerate energy efficiency gains through new and stronger policy.Prioritise cross-cutting energy efficiency action for its economic, social and environmental benefits.Act to unlock efficiency's job creation potential.Create greater demand for energy efficiency solutions.Focus on…
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Energy security
…Key facts Efficiency gains from the last two decades avoided the need for 20% more fossil fuel imports in IEA countries. Energy efficiency and demand response can support grid reliability by reducing peak demand. For instance, more efficient air conditioners in India could lower the impact of heatwaves on peak demand by 20% by 2030 and help reduce the risk of blackouts. Key analysis Energy efficiency policies in different sectors have been effective in reducing fossil fuel imports. In the European Union, the strongest reduction was in gas imports, driven by strong energy efficiency improvements in the industrial sector. Meanwhile…
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025
…of energy technologies and for the broader economy, have become a major focus in global policy and trade discussions. Price volatility, supply chain bottlenecks and geopolitical concerns make the regular monitoring of their supply and demand extremely vital.The Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 includes a detailed assessment of the latest market and investment trends, along with their implications for critical minerals security. As in last year’s Outlook, it provides a snapshot of recent industry developments from 2024 and early 2025 and offers medium- and long-term projections for the supply and demand of key energy minerals, taking into account the latest policy…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026
…2026 provides an update on hydrogen production and demand worldwide and identifies the latest developments relating to policy, infrastructure, trade, investments and innovation.The report is an output of the Clean Energy Ministerial Hydrogen Initiative and is intended to provide an update to energy sector stakeholders on the status and future prospects of hydrogen, and to inform discussions at the Hydrogen Energy Ministerial Meeting organised by Japan.The conflict in the Middle East is impacting global supplies of hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives, such as fertilisers, exposing vulnerabilities in their supply chains. As energy security concerns move higher up the policy…
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China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies
…financing was driven by state-owned policy banks and sovereign actors providing debt and, in some cases, grants. In recent years, however, the composition has shifted. While financing commitments are slowly rising again, following a drop during the COVID pandemic, policy-bank lending has significantly contracted and focused almost entirely on clean technologies. Meanwhile, state-owned enterprises, state-owned commercial banks and export credit agencies have taken on a larger role, increasingly through equity investments or guarantees. This shift suggests a move towards a more competitive – yet still state-directed – model of international energy engagement.These changes reflect a financing…
