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Korea 2025
…was prepared in partnership between the Government of Korea and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive knowledge and the inputs of expert peers from IEA Member countries to assess Korea’s most pressing energy sector challenges and provide recommendations on how to address them, backed by international best practices. The report also highlights areas where Korea’s leadership can serve as an example in promoting secure and clean energy transitions. It also promotes the exchange of best practices among countries to foster learning, build consensus and strengthen political will for a sustainable and affordable energy future. Translation
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Demand and Supply Measures for the Steel and Cement Transition
The case for international co-ordination A massive scale-up of markets for transformative near-zero emissions steel and cement is needed to achieve internationally agreed net zero goals. Yet early movers on both the supply- and demand-side – that is, material producers and consumers – face substantial barriers related to high costs and risks, among other factors. This has led to relatively slow market growth for near-zero emissions materials, at a moment when reinvesting in long-lived high-emissions production could have repercussions for governments to achieve their stated climate goals. Policy makers have the opportunity to play a…
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Financing the Modernisation of Power Systems Beyond Coal
The role of transition credits in Southeast Asia Coal is a central component of power systems in Southeast Asia, even as governments have committed to reducing coal‑related emissions. Rapid electricity demand growth, alongside coal’s role in system adequacy, reliability and energy security, complicates efforts to accelerate coal transitions. Recent volatility in international gas markets has reinforced the short‑term economic and security value of existing coal assets, adding complexity to national transition strategies. The region’s young coal fleet also implies substantial long‑term emissions if plants continue operating at current utilisation rates.Against this backdrop, new approaches are being explored…
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Financing Electricity Access in Africa
…enabling the expansion of generation capacity, grid networks and decentralised solutions while ensuring that progress remains inclusive and sustainable.In a new flagship report, Financing Electricity Access in Africa, the International Energy Agency (IEA) undertakes its authoritative energy analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of the status quo of electricity access financing, including a first-of-a-kind tracking of public and private investment flows. Building on the analysis of the current landscape, this report offers deeper insights into how investment evolves to reach universal access – quantifying the scale of private and public financing required as well as the affordability…
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap
Ukraine’s energy sector has been severely affected by the Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion. The power sector went from having a large capacity surplus before the war to a power deficit in 2024 due to Russia’s attacks. This has focused attention on energy security and restoring the reliability of supply. Hydrogen demand from conventional applications in refining and ammonia has also plunged, falling 80%, with most of these assets in southern Ukraine, where the frontline and occupied areas are located. Overall economic damage from the war has been extensive, with reconstruction costs previously estimated by the World…
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Gas Market Report, Q3-2025
…fall amid weaker natural gas demand and strong competition from Europe for flexible LNG cargoes. Geopolitical tensions have continued to fuel price volatility, while adding to the unusually wide range of uncertainties that could affect this report’s short-term forecasts. The conflict between Israel and Iran highlighted the Middle East’s important role in energy security and served as a stark reminder that geopolitical tensions can easily distort a still-fragile global gas balance. This report includes a special section on the Middle East. Meanwhile, global LNG supply growth is set to accelerate in 2026 to its fastest pace…
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Accelerating Renewables Growth in ASEAN
…Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have adopted net zero emissions targets, and recent national energy plans outline substantially higher ambitions for renewable capacity. Achieving these goals will require timely, sustained and strongly co-ordinated policy action to unlock the scale of renewable energy deployment needed by 2030 and beyond.This report examines the key challenges hindering a faster capacity deployment of renewable power in ASEAN and outlines potential policy solutions informed by successful international experience. It also provides an assessment of renewable-energy auction design options, an increasingly important procurement mechanism that is expected to account for around 60…
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Breakthrough Agenda Report 2025
Accelerating sector transitions through stronger International collaboration Breakthrough Agenda Report 2024 Since its launch at COP 26, the Breakthrough Agenda has become established as an annual collaborative process centred around the Conference of the Parties (COP) meetings of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It is currently supported by over 60 countries representing over 80% of global GDP, and by over 150 initiatives working to enhance collaboration within major emitting sectors. Countries can endorse Breakthrough goals to make clean technologies and sustainable practices more affordable, accessible and attractive than their alternatives by 2030 in the power, road transport…
- Executive summary
- Power
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
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+ 4 pages
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Electricity Market Design
…We find that short-term markets have continued to operate reliably and efficiently, translating real-time conditions into meaningful price signals even as system complexity grows. Medium- and long-term markets, however, face persistent gaps in liquidity and accessibility, which can make it harder for participants to manage risk and invest with confidence. Complementary mechanisms have become structural features of many systems, helping to support resource adequacy and decarbonisation objectives, but their effectiveness and cost efficiency depends on designs that work in concert with market signals.The analysis highlights that coherent evolution across market layers and mechanisms is essential to…
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Advancing Methane Emissions Reductions by National Oil Companies
…methane is already included in the scope of their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).Implementing best practices. This includes adopting measures to limit flaring and venting, implementing leak detection and repair programmes, and deploying low-emissions equipment. Many of these mitigation options do not require measured emissions data or large investments. Flaring reductions by NOCs could make 60 billion cubic metres of natural gas available for domestic consumption or for export.Develop a methane monitoring, reporting, and verification system based on emissions measurements. This would enable a better assessment of abatement options and a credible way to track progress over time…
