Average yearly CAPEX investment in clean energy technology supply chain capacity by technology category in the Net Zero Scenario, 2016-2030

Sources

IEA analysis based on company announcement; Bartholomeusz (2022), The world has a big problem in the drive to net zero, The Age, 24 October [https://www.theage.com.au/business/markets/the-world-has-a-big-problem-in-the-drive-to-net-zero-20221024-p5bs8w.html]; S&P Capital (2022), Lithium project pipeline insufficient to meet looming major deficit.

Notes

CAPEX = capital expenditures. Only refers to the investments needed to bring online enough capacity in 2030 – not counting what would be needed to further scale up in subsequent years – for the subset of clean energy technologies selected in ETP-2023. Assuming construction times of five years for mining, three for processing plants and two for technology manufacturing. Investments are assumed uniform over the available period. Excludes site-tailored technology installation.