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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Anatomy of a natural gas crisis
…to sell its surplus gas in 2019-2020). Simultaneously, Gazprom did not replenish EU underground gas storage capacities that it owned or had booked, leading to a significant divergence in filling pattern between Gazprom-held and other capacities. As a result, overall EU underground storage fill was at its lowest point in nearly a decade by the end of the 2021 injection season, uncovering a vulnerability in the EU market and contributing to an environment of “artificial scarcity”.The decline in Russian piped gas supplies accelerated steeply over the course of 2022, against the backdrop of the Russian Federation’s…
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Nicholas Howarth
Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
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Sue-Ern Tan
Head of the IEA Regional Cooperation Centre. Sue-Ern Tan is the Head of the IEA Regional Cooperation Centre established in Singapore at the end of 2024. The Office is the first outside of the IEA’s Paris headquarters in its 50-year history and will provide policy guidance, technical assistance, training and capacity building across areas such as scaling-up the deployment of renewables and other clean energy technologies, increasing cross-border power trade, and improving access to finance for clean energy investment.Prior to joining the IEA, Ms Tan worked at Shell plc in senior climate and energy roles at Shell’s headquarters in London and The Hague and most recently in Singapore as the Head of Policy and Advocacy. Ms Tan practiced as a lawyer, worked as Ministerial adviser on energy in the Australian Government and was the Deputy CEO of a minerals trade association in Australia. She graduated from University of New South Wales in Australia with a Commerce and Law Degree and is an Eise...
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Tristan Stanley
Former Energy Technology Analyst.
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Congo
In Congo, 3 out of 5 people do not have access to electricity. As a country with a very low population density, Congo faces particularly severe challenges in bringing energy of any kind to its rural communities.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![Congo Flag]()
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Herib Blanco
Energy Technology Analyst - Hydrogen.
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Ekta Bibra
Former Energy Technology and Transport Analyst.
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Global EV Data Explorer
Explore historical and projected data on electric vehicles sales, stock, charging infrastructure and oil displacement
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Hydrogen Production and Infrastructure Projects Database
…advances in low-emissions hydrogen technology.The Hydrogen Production Projects Database covers all projects commissioned worldwide since 2000 to produce hydrogen for energy or climate change-mitigation purposes. It includes projects that have the objective either to reduce emissions associated with producing hydrogen for existing applications, or to use hydrogen as an energy carrier or industrial feedstock in new applications that have the potential to be a low-emissions technology option. Projects in planning or under construction are also included.The Hydrogen Infrastructure Projects Database covers all projects under development worldwide of hydrogen pipelines, underground storage facilities and import/export…
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George Kamiya
Former Energy Policy Analyst. George Kamiya leads the IEA’s analysis on the energy and climate impacts of digitalisation and works on modelling and policy aspects of other emerging topics, including critical minerals, cybersecurity, and new mobility services. He contributes to several IEA flagship reports including the World Energy Outlook, World Energy Investment, and Tracking Clean Energy Progress.
