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Energy and AI AI for energy optimisation and innovation
…these AI-led interventions are overcome. But it stops short of considering the full theoretical potential of AI-led interventions, as it factors in certain insurmountable structural issues that would block their complete adoption. For example, we consider variations in adoption by region by factoring in the availability of enabling digital infrastructure. AI applications for optimising energy systems Oil and gas companies have been among the earliest adopters of new technologies to boost exploration and production. In 2000, 11 supercomputers operated by oil and gas companies ranked among the world’s 500 fastest. By 2024, this number had increased to…
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Clean Energy Technology Supply Chain Data Executive summary
Energy security in the Age of Electricity is inextricably linked to securing the supply chains for clean energy technologies and the equipment and materials used to manufacture them. As countries continue to pursue energy transitions and make investments in the deployment and manufacturing of these technologies – guided by industrial strategies – a detailed understanding of their supply chains has an essential role to play.The availability of good-quality, timely data is crucial to understanding clean energy technology supply chains and addressing vulnerabilities. Risks to supply chains can arise from interdependencies across technologies and between geographies, among other factors. Today, the…
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Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business Turning the opportunity into reality
Across sectors, the evidence consistently shows that the value of energy efficiency extends far beyond energy savings, often matching or even exceeding them.A key challenge is that much of this value is not systematically captured in investment decisions. Business cases are often built on energy savings alone, overlooking gains in productivity, resource efficiency, product quality, brand reputation and workforce health. Reflecting these wider benefits can significantly strengthen investment cases and improve how efficiency projects compete for capital.This report draws on available evidence to highlight these broader benefits and why they matter in practice. The steps below show how…
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Jonathan Wilkinson
Minister of Natural Resources, Canada.
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Rare Earth Elements Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
Illustrative mine-to-magnet value chain
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Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 Broader view on energy-related strategic minerals: What risks to anticipate?
Many energy-related minerals are used across multiple sectors, including digital technologies, aerospace and high-performance materials While critical minerals are often associated with electrification, renewables and battery storage, their significance extends well beyond energy, underpinning a broad array of industrial and technological applications. From AI and robotics to high-performance materials and aerospace, these minerals’ contribution to industrial and technological development is increasing, with broad economic implications. The range of strategic materials with significant implications for the energy sector should not be underestimated. Superalloys – which require a diverse array of input metals – illustrate this: approximately two-thirds of global…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Introduction and context
…are still bruised from past price increases during the global energy crisis of 2021-2023, which pushed energy affordability to the forefront of energy policy priorities. A succession of turbulent years for the global economy and the energy sector has also depleted the fiscal means for governments to respond to a new crisis.The resumption of transit through the Strait of Hormuz is indispensable to relieve the strains on markets and to allow for stable flows of oil and gas to international markets. In the interim, countries are taking or considering a range of measures to mitigate the impacts of…
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Coal 2025 Executive summary
Global coal demand in 2025 is set to remain close to 2024 levels amid unusual regional trends Key factors such as weather, fuel prices and policy decisions all shaped global coal consumption in 2025, driving changes in demand that often ran counter to recent country or regional trends.In India – one of the traditional engines of coal demand growth – an early and strong monsoon season depressed electricity demand and boosted hydropower output. As a result, the country’s annual coal power generation is set to decline year-on-year for only the third time in the past five decades. In…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Trade
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+ 2 pages
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World Energy Investment 2026 How we track investment in energy
…For some sectors, such as power generation, this investment is spread out evenly from the year in which a new plant or upgrade of an existing one takes a final investment decision (FID), i.e. when a project reaches financial close or begins construction) to the year in which it becomes operational. For other sources, such as upstream oil and gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects, investment reflects the capital spending incurred over time as production from a new source ramp up, or to maintain output from an existing asset. For energy efficiency, the measurement task is more complex…
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Nicholas Howarth
Energy Efficiency Policy Analyst.
